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تدريبات على الإنجليزية

OET Reading Part B: كيف تقرأ إعلانات الموظفين لتحديد المعنيّين والإذن والاستثناءات

Two colleagues sit at a table and read together; one points at a tablet while the other holds a document.

كيف تجيب عن أسئلة OET Reading Part B حول الإعلانات والرسائل الإلكترونية ومقتطفات السياسات الداخلية: من عليه أن يتصرف، والفرق بين must وmay، وonly after وunless، والخيارات التي تبالغ في معنى النص. للممرضين والأطباء من المستوى B2 فما فوق.

في OET Reading Part B تقرأ ستة نصوص قصيرة من بيئات العمل الصحية، مثل الإعلانات والرسائل الإلكترونية ومقتطفات السياسات الداخلية، وتجيب عن سؤال واحد بثلاثة خيارات لكل نص. كثير من الأسئلة يتوقف على كلمات صغيرة: لمن الرسالة، وهل الأمر إلزامي أم مسموح به فقط، وما الذي لا يتغير إلا بعد تأكيد، وأي استثناء ينطبق. الخيارات الخاطئة تذهب عادةً أبعد من النص، لذا حدّد أولًا المعنيّ بالرسالة والإجراء المطلوب، ثم تحقّق من كل قيد. هذا الدليل موجّه إلى الممرضين والأطباء الذين يبلغ مستواهم في الإنجليزية فوق المتوسط (B2) على الأقل.

لمن هذا المقال؟

  • الممرضون والأطباء الذين يفهمون كل جملة في نص Part B ومع ذلك يختارون الخيار الخطأ.
  • المتقدّمون الذين يخلطون بين must وshould وmay وdo not need to حين يسأل السؤال عمّا يجب على الموظفين فعله.
  • المهنيون الذين يكتبون بأنفسهم رسائل إلى الزملاء ويريدون أن يتصرف الأشخاص المعنيون بها.
  • ما زال الوقت مبكرًا: إذا كنت لا تزال تضيّع الوقت في البحث عن التفاصيل في Part A، فابدأ بدليل Part A (الرابط أدناه).
  • سهل جدًا: إذا كانت إجاباتك في Part B موثوقة بالفعل، فانتقل إلى رأي الكاتب في Part C (الرابط أدناه).

افتح الصفحات النموذجية

افتح الصفحات النموذجية

بطاقات الكلمات

Personal · your inbox

How many work messages do you receive on a typical day? How do you decide which ones to read carefully?

Useful: ‘I usually get around…’ · ‘I always read… first.’ · ‘If a message starts with…, I tend to…’

Personal · a missed message

Have you ever missed or misread an important message? What happened, and what would have prevented it?

Useful: ‘I didn’t realise that it applied to me until…’ · ‘It would have helped if…’ · ‘Since then, I…’

Professional practice · writing to colleagues

When you write to colleagues, how do you make sure the right people act and the others do not waste their time?

Useful: ‘I always make it clear who…’ · ‘I put the action in…’ · ‘I try not to…, unless…’

Big idea · information and attention

Is the constant flow of information in modern workplaces making people better informed, or simply less attentive?

Useful: ‘There’s a difference between having information and…’ · ‘I’d argue that…’ · ‘On balance, …’

مثال على المحادثة

How can you clarify permission without promising an outcome?

You may request a different session, but the change is agreed only after the team confirms a place.

One possible formulation; other coherent and accurate responses are welcome.

تركيب الجملة

Only after

  • A later step depends on an earlier confirmation.
  • Share the new list only after the coordinator confirms it. Preparing a draft is not permission to circulate it.

Unless

  • An exception leaves the general rule in force when the exception does not apply.
  • Use the main room unless the organiser confirms a change. A possible room problem is not itself a confirmed change.

May versus must

  • Permission and obligation are not the same.
  • Staff may request an alternative time. The sentence allows a request; it does not guarantee an alternative or require everyone to request one.

تدريبات إضافية

Read the information

Message 1 — For staff covering evening reception

The coordinator will hold a short practical briefing on Tuesday before the evening desk opens. It is intended for colleagues who are covering that desk this month, including anyone covering a shift for another person. Staff who work only at daytime reception do not need to attend. The briefing will explain where evening enquiries are recorded and whom to contact if a practical issue cannot be resolved at the desk. It will not introduce a new appointment system or change anyone’s roster. If you are scheduled for evening cover but cannot attend, contact the coordinator to arrange another way of receiving the information before your first evening shift.

Message 2 — Shared callback record

A review of last week’s callback work showed that most calls had been completed, but some outcomes were recorded only in personal emails. This makes it difficult for a colleague covering the desk to know whether a visitor has already received the requested practical information. From today, please put the outcome of each callback in the shared callback field as well as keeping any other record required by the existing process. Use a brief factual entry; there is no need to copy an entire conversation. This message does not ask staff to repeat completed calls. Its purpose is to make the current status visible to the next colleague who may need it.

Practice context

  • Two staff messages from a clinic. Each has one meaning question, as in a short workplace reading task.

Evidence questions

  • Message 1: Who is expected to receive the briefing information?
  • Message 2: What is the main purpose of the instruction?

Choose and justify with evidence

Message 1 — For staff covering evening reception

The coordinator will hold a short practical briefing on Tuesday before the evening desk opens. It is intended for colleagues who are covering that desk this month, including anyone covering a shift for another person. Staff who work only at daytime reception do not need to attend. The briefing will explain where evening enquiries are recorded and whom to contact if a practical issue cannot be resolved at the desk. It will not introduce a new appointment system or change anyone’s roster. If you are scheduled for evening cover but cannot attend, contact the coordinator to arrange another way of receiving the information before your first evening shift.

Message 2 — Shared callback record

A review of last week’s callback work showed that most calls had been completed, but some outcomes were recorded only in personal emails. This makes it difficult for a colleague covering the desk to know whether a visitor has already received the requested practical information. From today, please put the outcome of each callback in the shared callback field as well as keeping any other record required by the existing process. Use a brief factual entry; there is no need to copy an entire conversation. This message does not ask staff to repeat completed calls. Its purpose is to make the current status visible to the next colleague who may need it.

  1. Message 1: Who is expected to receive the briefing information?

    اعرض الإجابة والشرح

    Staff covering evening reception this month

    The audience includes regular or substitute evening cover, while daytime-only reception staff are excluded.

  2. Message 2: What is the main purpose of the instruction?

    اعرض الإجابة والشرح

    To make callback status accessible to other colleagues

    The message asks for a shared outcome entry so a covering colleague can see the status; it explicitly rejects repeating calls.

Read the information

Notice 1 — Circulating updated contact details

Draft contact lists are prepared by the administration team, but a draft should not be sent to the wider staff group. Before circulation, the service coordinator must confirm that the changed numbers and role titles are correct. Unchanged entries do not need to be rewritten, although an obvious error should still be reported. If a confirmation is delayed, continue to use the current approved list and tell the coordinator which change is awaiting a check. Please do not substitute a number found in an old personal email without verification. The purpose of this process is to keep a single dependable reference available, rather than creating several competing versions with different information.

Notice 2 — Alternative training attendance

Staff booked on the Friday workshop should attend their confirmed session unless the training team agrees an alternative. A colleague who has a timetable conflict may request another session through the shared training inbox. The request should identify the original booking and explain which available alternative would be suitable. Sending a request does not automatically transfer the booking. The team must check capacity and reply with confirmation before the colleague treats the change as agreed. Until then, the original place remains reserved. If no suitable alternative can be arranged, the team will discuss the next option directly with the colleague; staff should not offer their place to an unregistered person.

Practice context

  • Two policy clarifications for a workplace training team.

Evidence questions

  • Notice 1: What should happen if verification of a changed number is delayed?
  • Notice 2: When does a requested attendance change become agreed?

Choose and justify with evidence

Notice 1 — Circulating updated contact details

Draft contact lists are prepared by the administration team, but a draft should not be sent to the wider staff group. Before circulation, the service coordinator must confirm that the changed numbers and role titles are correct. Unchanged entries do not need to be rewritten, although an obvious error should still be reported. If a confirmation is delayed, continue to use the current approved list and tell the coordinator which change is awaiting a check. Please do not substitute a number found in an old personal email without verification. The purpose of this process is to keep a single dependable reference available, rather than creating several competing versions with different information.

Notice 2 — Alternative training attendance

Staff booked on the Friday workshop should attend their confirmed session unless the training team agrees an alternative. A colleague who has a timetable conflict may request another session through the shared training inbox. The request should identify the original booking and explain which available alternative would be suitable. Sending a request does not automatically transfer the booking. The team must check capacity and reply with confirmation before the colleague treats the change as agreed. Until then, the original place remains reserved. If no suitable alternative can be arranged, the team will discuss the next option directly with the colleague; staff should not offer their place to an unregistered person.

  1. Notice 1: What should happen if verification of a changed number is delayed?

    اعرض الإجابة والشرح

    Use the current approved list while reporting the pending check

    The notice requires continued use of the approved list until the changed details have been verified.

  2. Notice 2: When does a requested attendance change become agreed?

    اعرض الإجابة والشرح

    After the training team confirms the alternative

    Capacity must be checked and confirmation returned; sending the request is not enough.

Read the information

Update 1 — Preparing the next learning session

Several colleagues asked whether new presentation folders were needed for the next session. The training team has checked the stock and confirmed that the existing folders can be reused if they are complete and in good condition. Please check the contents against the current session checklist, replacing only missing or outdated pages. There is no request to redesign the folders or order a new set for every participant. The checklist has changed in one section, so simply handing out last month’s folders without checking them would also be inappropriate. We want the preparation to be accurate and efficient: keep usable material, update what has changed and report any shortage through the shared list.

Update 2 — Appointment reminder coordination

Visitors have occasionally received two practical reminders for the same booking because different staff members could not see that another reminder had already been sent. The team is not stopping reminders. Instead, staff should check the shared reminder field before sending one and record the date when a reminder is completed. If the field is unclear, ask the colleague who last handled the booking before contacting the visitor again. A further reminder may still be appropriate when circumstances change, but it should be coordinated and its purpose clear. This update addresses unnecessary duplication; it does not create a rule that a visitor can never receive another message about the same appointment.

Practice context

  • Two workplace updates. Each includes background that could tempt a reader away from the main practical meaning.

Evidence questions

  • Update 1: What is the intended approach to the folders?
  • Update 2: What does the update require?

Choose and justify with evidence

Update 1 — Preparing the next learning session

Several colleagues asked whether new presentation folders were needed for the next session. The training team has checked the stock and confirmed that the existing folders can be reused if they are complete and in good condition. Please check the contents against the current session checklist, replacing only missing or outdated pages. There is no request to redesign the folders or order a new set for every participant. The checklist has changed in one section, so simply handing out last month’s folders without checking them would also be inappropriate. We want the preparation to be accurate and efficient: keep usable material, update what has changed and report any shortage through the shared list.

Update 2 — Appointment reminder coordination

Visitors have occasionally received two practical reminders for the same booking because different staff members could not see that another reminder had already been sent. The team is not stopping reminders. Instead, staff should check the shared reminder field before sending one and record the date when a reminder is completed. If the field is unclear, ask the colleague who last handled the booking before contacting the visitor again. A further reminder may still be appropriate when circumstances change, but it should be coordinated and its purpose clear. This update addresses unnecessary duplication; it does not create a rule that a visitor can never receive another message about the same appointment.

  1. Update 1: What is the intended approach to the folders?

    اعرض الإجابة والشرح

    Reuse suitable folders after checking and updating the contents

    The instruction combines reuse with checking against the current list; both automatic replacement and unchecked reuse are rejected.

  2. Update 2: What does the update require?

    اعرض الإجابة والشرح

    Coordinate reminders by checking and updating the shared record

    The purpose is to prevent needless duplication while allowing justified further reminders; uncertainty should be checked with a colleague.

Model the strategy before practice

Keyword trap

  • A repeated topic word may belong to a rejected proposal.
  • The notice mentions buying new folders, then says existing folders can be reused. Buying is mentioned, but it is not the recommendation.

Preserve the limit

  • Do not turn a limited request into a general ban.
  • Avoid sending duplicate reminders is not the same as never sending a reminder.

Explain both sides

  • A useful justification says why one meaning fits and another does not.
  • The key preserves for this week; the alternative incorrectly calls it a permanent change.

Use the strategy in a new exchange

How can you reject a broad summary with evidence?

The update does not ban further reminders; it asks us to check the shared record so any further message has a clear purpose.

One possible formulation; other coherent and accurate responses are welcome.

Transfer brief

  • Create a short original update about reusing a resource or coordinating a message.
  • Offer one accurate summary and one deliberately overstated summary.
  • Discuss why the overstatement could lead to the wrong action.
  • Revise the original message to make its limit easier to see.

Two rounds

  • Plan your wording and priorities.
  • Speak naturally and respond to your partner’s question.
  • Exchange specific feedback and improve one part in a shorter retry.
تعلّم هذه الوحدة
كيف تريد أن تتعلّم؟
لديك حساب؟

يفتح الحساب المجاني وحدة واحدة تبقى مفتوحة دائمًا.

كيف تبدو نصوص Part B؟

نصوص Part B هي أوراق العمل اليومية: إعلان عن جلسة إحاطة، ورسالة إلكترونية عن سجل مشترك، وفقرة من سياسة داخلية. وغالبًا ما تسأل الأسئلة عن غرض النص، أو عمّن ينطبق عليه، أو عمّا يجب على الموظفين فعله. لا تحتاج إلى معرفة سريرية، بل إلى قراءة دقيقة للصياغة.

ابدأ بالمعنيّ بالرسالة وبالغرض

اسأل أولًا: من عليه أن يتصرف، وماذا يريد الكاتب؟ تُحدَّد الفئة المعنية غالبًا في البداية، ثم تتّسع أو تضيق:

  • “For staff covering the evening desk this month” فئة أضيق من “for all reception staff”.
  • “Including anyone covering a shift for another person” توسّع الفئة: تكفي مناوبة واحدة بدلًا من زميل.
  • “Staff who work only at daytime reception do not need to attend” تضيّقها من جديد.
  • الغرض: “Please record the outcome in the shared field” طلب، أما “this message does not ask staff to repeat completed calls” فتوضّح ما ليس مطلوبًا.

Must وshould وmay وdo not need to

كثيرًا ما تسأل الأسئلة عمّا يفرضه النص أو يسمح به، والفعل المساعد هو دليلك:

  • Must وhave to: إلزامي. “The coordinator must confirm the changed numbers.”
  • Should: المتوقَّع؛ وفي الإعلانات يعمل غالبًا كتعليمات مهذّبة. “A draft should not be sent to the wider staff group.”
  • May وcan: مسموح، لكنه ليس إلزاميًا ولا مضمونًا. “Staff may request another session” لا تَعِد بمكان.
  • Do not need to: غير إلزامي. “Unchanged entries do not need to be rewritten.”
  • Must not: غير مسموح. “You don’t need to attend” (الحضور اختياري) ليست مثل “You must not attend” (الحضور ممنوع).

Only after وunless وuntil: الشروط والاستثناءات

الشرط يحدّد متى يمكن اتخاذ خطوة ما، والاستثناء يحدّد متى لا تنطبق القاعدة. ولا يلغي أيٌّ منهما القاعدة:

  • “Share the new list only after the coordinator confirms it.” إعداد مسودة لا يعني الإذن بتوزيعها.
  • “Attend your confirmed session unless the training team agrees an alternative.” تعني unless «ما لم»: الطلب ليس موافقة.
  • “Until then, the original place remains reserved.” تحدّد until اللحظة التي يتغير فيها الوضع.
  • “If a confirmation is delayed, continue to use the current approved list.” الانتظار لا يلغي التحقق.

استمع: السماح من دون وعد

لاحظ كيف تجمع الإجابة بين may وonly after.

المعلّم How can you clarify permission without promising an outcome?

المتقدّم You may request a different session, but the change is agreed only after the team confirms a place.

يقول إعلان إن الموظفين “may request another session”. أيّ ردّ يحافظ على معناه؟
تعلّم هذه الوحدة بطريقتك

فخاخ الكلمات المفتاحية والخيارات المبالغ فيها

كثيرًا ما تبدو الخيارات الخاطئة صحيحة تقريبًا: تكرر كلمات النص لكنها تغيّر نطاقه.

  • فكرة مرفوضة: إذا ذكر إعلان ملفات جديدة ثم قال إن الملفات الحالية يمكن إعادة استخدامها، فإن “order new folders” خيار خاطئ.
  • قيد تحوّل إلى حظر: “avoid duplicate reminders” ليست “never send another reminder”.
  • مؤقت تحوّل إلى دائم: “for this week” ليست “from now on”.

أخطاء شائعة في Part B

راجع إجاباتك التدريبية بهذه القائمة:

  • اختيار الخيار الذي يكرر أكبر عدد من كلمات النص.
  • توسيع الفئة المعنية: قراءة “all staff” حين يذكر النص مجموعة واحدة.
  • قراءة may على أنها must، أو do not need to على أنها must not.
  • معاملة طلب أو مسودة كأنهما مؤكَّدان.
  • في العربية يُفرَّق بين «يجب ألّا» (منع) و«لا يجب» (عدم إلزام)، وإن خلط بينهما كثيرون في الاستعمال اليومي. احتفظ بالفرق نفسه في الإنجليزية: “you must not” مقابل “you don’t need to”.

روتين Part B في 15 دقيقة

خذ ثلاثة نصوص من Part B من اختبار تجريبي واحد وغطِّ الخيارات:

  • 5 دقائق: اكتب لكل نص من يتصرف، وماذا يفعل، وما القيد.
  • 5 دقائق: اكشف الخيارات واختر، ثم ضع خطًا تحت الدليل في النص.
  • 5 دقائق: سمِّ لكل خيار خاطئ ما الذي يغيّره: الفئة المعنية، أو must وmay، أو شرطًا، أو النطاق.

خطوتك التالية

اكتب إلى زملائك بالدقة نفسها: سمِّ الفئة في السطر الأول، وضع الإجراء في البداية، وضع كل استثناء بجوار القاعدة التي يغيّرها. ثم ناقش مع زميل دراسة: هل يجعلنا تدفق الرسائل المستمر في العمل أكثر اطلاعًا، أم أقل انتباهًا فقط؟ ابدأ بـ“There’s a difference between having information and…”.

في Part C تتابع رأي الكاتب في نصوص أطول، ويختبر Listening Part B المهارات نفسها في الاستماع.

الأسئلة الشائعة

كم نصًا في OET Reading Part B؟

ستة نصوص قصيرة من بيئة العمل، لكل منها سؤال واحد بثلاثة خيارات. يتقاسم Part B وPart C مدة 45 دقيقة، ولـPart A مدته الخاصة وهي 15 دقيقة.

هل يختلف OET Reading بين الممرضين والأطباء؟

لا. Reading واحد لكل المهن، ولا تحتاج نصوصه إلى معرفة تخصصية.

ماذا تعني may في نص من OET Reading؟

تعني أن الأمر مسموح، لكنه ليس إلزاميًا ولا مضمونًا. أما must فتعني الإلزام، وdo not need to تعني عدم الإلزام، وهي تختلف عن must not.

Flalingo غير مرتبط بالجهات التي تدير OET ولا يحظى بتأييدها.

تعلّم هذه الوحدة
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لديك حساب؟

يفتح الحساب المجاني وحدة واحدة تبقى مفتوحة دائمًا.

ما الخطوة التالية؟

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