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TOEFL iBT Listeningの“Listen and Choose a Response”:会話を先へ進める返答の選び方

Two adults practise a friendly spoken exchange.

2026年に導入されたTOEFL iBTの形式のListeningの問題“Listen and Choose a Response”の解き方:話し手が求めているものを聞き取り、依頼、申し出、予定の変更にふさわしく応え、同じ単語を繰り返す選択肢のわなを避ける方法。B1以上の受験者向けです。

TOEFL iBTのListeningセクションにある“Listen and Choose a Response”では、短い質問や発言を一度だけ聞き、会話の流れとして自然に続く返答を選びます。正しい返答は、話し手が求めているものに応えます。場所、時間、行動、申し出への判断、あるいは“I can’t come on Tuesday.”のような問題を切り抜ける方法です。今聞いた単語を繰り返している選択肢は、それだけでは正解の根拠になりません。この記事は2026年に導入されたTOEFL iBTの形式に基づき、中級(B1)以上の受験者に向けて書いています。

この記事が向いている人

  • 2026年に導入されたTOEFL iBTの形式に向けて準備中で、Listeningの一文だけの問題に使える確かな方法を探している受験者。
  • 問題の単語はすべて聞き取れるのに、“Tuesday”や“report”を繰り返すだけの返答を選んでしまう人。
  • 試験だけでなく、キャンパスや職場で誘い、申し出、予定の変更に英語で対応したい人。
  • まだ早い:短い質問が理解する前に終わってしまうなら(A2程度)、まず日常の英語力をつけましょう。短いお知らせやメッセージを読むことから始めるのがおすすめです(下のリンク)。
  • 易しすぎる:どの問題も一度聞くだけで目的を言えるなら、より長い会話やアナウンスに進みましょう(下のリンク)。

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単語カード

Personal · saying no

How do you usually say no to an invitation from a classmate or colleague: directly, or by giving a reason?

Useful: ‘I usually say something like…’ · ‘It depends on who is asking.’ · ‘I’d rather give a reason than…’

Personal · a missed hint

Have you ever misunderstood a hint or an indirect reply, in English or in your own language? What happened?

Useful: ‘I took it literally, so I…’ · ‘It turned out that they meant…’ · ‘Now I would probably ask…’

会話

Maya I can’t come on Tuesday.

Owen Would Wednesday work instead?

文の形

  1. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Imagine that a classmate asks, “______ coming to the seminar this afternoon?”

    答えと解説を見る

    Are you

    A present continuous question (be + subject + -ing) asks about a plan or arrangement.

  2. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Instead they ask, “______ send me a copy of the schedule?”

    答えと解説を見る

    Could you

    A polite request is Could you + base verb, with no to and no do.

  3. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    or even, “I was wondering whether the schedule ______ ready.”

    答えと解説を見る

    is

    After I was wondering whether, the embedded question uses statement order: subject + verb (the schedule is).

  4. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Suppose a friend asks, “______ check our notes together?”

    答えと解説を見る

    Shall we

    Shall we + base verb makes a suggestion or an offer to do something together.

  5. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    “Why don’t we ______ mine instead?”

    答えと解説を見る

    use

    Why don’t we + base verb is a suggestion, not a real question about reasons.

  6. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Ask what ______, what the reply makes possible and what would count as a relevant next move.

    答えと解説を見る

    the speaker wants

    Inside a longer sentence, a wh-question uses statement order with no do: what the speaker wants.

追加の練習

Respond to Offers, Changes and Suggestions — worked model

Two adults practise a friendly spoken exchange.

When someone proposes a plan, a relevant reply may accept it, give a clear constraint or suggest another possibility. Repeating a familiar noun is not enough. If Owen suggests a walk after class and Maya says that she has an appointment, Owen can respond by offering a later time. The exchange moves forward because each person responds to the other person’s purpose.

Maya I can’t come on Tuesday.

Owen Would Wednesday work instead?

What the model shows

  • Owen: Shall we compare our notes after class? Maya: Yes, let’s meet in the quiet corner. The reply accepts and adds a useful detail.
  • Maya: I can’t come on Tuesday. Owen: Would Wednesday work instead? The reply offers an alternative.
  • Owen: Would you like me to carry that box? Maya: That would be very helpful, thank you. The reply accepts an offer.

Find the supported response

  1. Choose the best reply.

    答えと解説を見る

    Yes, let’s use the table by the window.

    The speaker suggests working together; the reply accepts and proposes a place.

  2. Choose the best reply.

    答えと解説を見る

    Would tomorrow afternoon suit you better?

    The first speaker gives a scheduling constraint; proposing another time moves the plan forward.

  3. Choose the best reply.

    答えと解説を見る

    That would save me a trip, thank you.

    The speaker offers to collect something; the reply gratefully accepts that help.

Check the deeper meaning

  1. Choose the best reply.

    答えと解説を見る

    Good idea; I will look for another route.

    An unexpected closure makes a new route relevant; comments about seats or ticket buying do not address the suggestion.

  2. Choose the best reply.

    答えと解説を見る

    Please ask which entrance visitors should use.

    The speaker invites a message to pass on; the response gives a specific useful request.

  3. Choose the best reply.

    答えと解説を見る

    Then let’s choose somewhere quieter.

    The complaint is about noise; suggesting a quieter place directly addresses the problem.

Explain and transfer the strategy

Two adults practise a friendly spoken exchange.

Your open task

  • Plan a short study meeting with your teacher, introduce one real constraint and negotiate a solution.
  • Make an offer of practical help and respond to an offer without copying the model wording.
  • Explain why a reply can repeat a topic word and still fail to respond to the speaker’s purpose.

Understand an Answer That Does Not Repeat the Question — worked model

Two adults practise a friendly spoken exchange.

Speakers do not always answer yes or no. If Maya asks whether Owen attended a morning meeting and Owen says that his train broke down, he gives a possible explanation for missing the meeting or arriving late. A helpful listener connects the reason to the question. But the listener should not invent extra details, such as the exact length of the delay or the name of the train company.

Maya Did you finish the report?

Owen I still need to check the final page.

What the model shows

  • Maya: Did you finish the report? Owen: I still need to check the final page. The report is not fully finished.
  • Owen: Can you meet this afternoon? Maya: My last class ends at five. The reply gives a constraint; it does not promise an earlier meeting.
  • Maya: Is there any coffee left? Owen: I have just put a fresh pot on. The reply indicates that coffee is being prepared.

Find the supported response

  1. Choose the best reply.

    答えと解説を見る

    I am still checking the last section.

    The response indicates that the task is not yet finished; it answers indirectly through remaining work.

  2. Choose the best reply.

    答えと解説を見る

    The bus broke down on the way.

    A travel problem is a relevant explanation for not arriving before the start.

  3. Choose the best reply.

    答えと解説を見る

    I have not been given the new code yet.

    Lacking the code explains why the person may not be able to open the door.

Check the deeper meaning

  1. Choose the best reply.

    答えと解説を見る

    It is still in the oven.

    Still in the oven indicates that the food is not ready to serve yet.

  2. Choose the best reply.

    答えと解説を見る

    Someone has just taken the last one.

    The last copy has been taken, so there are no copies left to give.

  3. Choose the best reply.

    答えと解説を見る

    My phone battery died before I could call.

    A dead battery gives a relevant reason for not making the promised call.

Explain and transfer the strategy

Two adults practise a friendly spoken exchange.

Your open task

  • Give a natural indirect answer to a question about an unfinished task, then explain the implication.
  • Ask your teacher to explain a practical problem without using no; respond helpfully.
  • Describe a detail that cannot be inferred from one of the replies, even though it sounds possible.

Find the supported response

  1. Choose the best reply.

    答えと解説を見る

    At the counter next to the entrance.

    The speaker asks where to collect a parcel; the counter is a location.

  2. Choose the best reply.

    答えと解説を見る

    The first session starts at nine.

    The question requests a starting time, not a place or an opinion about the tutor.

  3. Choose the best reply.

    答えと解説を見る

    Certainly, I will attach it to my next email.

    The speaker requests a copy, and the response agrees to send one.

Check the deeper meaning

  1. Choose the best reply.

    答えと解説を見る

    A new colleague from the design team.

    Who asks for the person leading the session; the reply identifies that person.

  2. Choose the best reply.

    答えと解説を見る

    Use the form on the library website.

    How asks for the procedure for reserving; the online form gives that procedure.

  3. Choose the best reply.

    答えと解説を見る

    Because the speaker’s train was delayed.

    Why requests the reason for a delay; the speaker’s delayed train supplies it.

Explain and transfer the strategy

Two adults practise a friendly spoken exchange.

Your open task

  • Ask your teacher for a location, a time and a practical action using new situations.
  • Respond to three new questions from your teacher in your own words.
  • Explain how the purpose of a question changes the kind of reply that fits.

Questions, requests and suggestions in the passage

  1. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Imagine that a classmate asks, “______ coming to the seminar this afternoon?”

    答えと解説を見る

    Are you

    A present continuous question (be + subject + -ing) asks about a plan or arrangement.

  2. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Instead they ask, “______ send me a copy of the schedule?”

    答えと解説を見る

    Could you

    A polite request is Could you + base verb, with no to and no do.

  3. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    or even, “I was wondering whether the schedule ______ ready.”

    答えと解説を見る

    is

    After I was wondering whether, the embedded question uses statement order: subject + verb (the schedule is).

  4. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Suppose a friend asks, “______ check our notes together?”

    答えと解説を見る

    Shall we

    Shall we + base verb makes a suggestion or an offer to do something together.

  5. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    “Why don’t we ______ mine instead?”

    答えと解説を見る

    use

    Why don’t we + base verb is a suggestion, not a real question about reasons.

  6. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Ask what ______, what the reply makes possible and what would count as a relevant next move.

    答えと解説を見る

    the speaker wants

    Inside a longer sentence, a wh-question uses statement order with no do: what the speaker wants.

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最初の数語で目的を聞き取る

短い質問や発言は一度だけ流れ、ほかに文脈はありません。どんな返答が合うかは冒頭の数語でわかることが多く、多くの問題はいくつかの型でできています。

  • “Where can I collect my visitor badge?”は場所を求めています:“At the desk beside the lift.”一方、“When”で始まる質問なら時間です。
  • “Are you coming to the seminar this afternoon?”の現在進行形は、習慣ではなく予定を尋ねています。
  • “Could you send me a copy of the schedule?”は依頼です(Could you+動詞の原形)。合う返答は、引き受ける、いつするかを言う、理由を添えて断る、のいずれかです。
  • “Would you like me to…?”と“Shall I…?”は手伝いの申し出です。
  • “Shall we…?”と“Why don’t we use mine instead?”は計画の提案です。“Why don’t we…?”は理由を尋ねていないので、“Because…”で始まる返答はまず合いません。
  • “I was wondering whether the schedule is ready”は平叙文の語順で作られた丁寧な質問です。質問として答えましょう。

申し出、提案、予定の変更

計画に対する適切な返答は、受け入れる、制約を伝える、別の案を出す、のいずれかです。制約を聞いたあとの最善の一手は、たいてい新しい案を出すことです。問題文の名詞を繰り返しても、そのどれにもなりません。

  • 受け入れて情報を足す:“Shall we compare our notes after class?”“Yes, let’s meet in the quiet corner.”
  • 申し出を受ける:“Would you like me to carry that box?”“That would be very helpful, thank you.”
  • 制約を伝える:“Can you meet this afternoon?”“My last class ends at five.”限界を示しているだけで、時間を約束してはいません。
  • 制約に新しい案で応える:“Would tomorrow afternoon suit you better?”

やってみよう:制約にぶつかった計画

聞いてみましょう。二人目の話し手は火曜日について何か言うのではなく、別の曜日を出して問題に応えています。

Maya I can’t come on Tuesday.

Owen Would Wednesday work instead?

一人目の話し手は次に何と言えるでしょうか?

間接的な返答:「はい」「いいえ」を言わずに答える

正しい返答の多くは、「はい」とも「いいえ」とも言いません。同じ授業を取っている人に“Are you coming to the seminar this afternoon?”と聞かれて“I’ve got a lab report due at five.”と答えれば、ほとんどの人が、たぶん来ないのだと理解します。聞き手は返答が質問と関係していると期待するので、そのつながりを探すのです。文脈の中での意味を研究する言語学の分野を語用論(pragmatics)と呼びます。

つながりは見つけても、情報は付け足さないこと。電車が故障したという話は会議に出られなかった理由を説明しますが、どれくらい遅れたかは教えてくれません。

  • “Did you finish the report?”“I still need to check the final page.”まだ終わっていない、という意味です。
  • “Is there any coffee left?”“I have just put a fresh pot on.”今はないけれど、もうすぐできる、という意味です。
自分に合った方法でこの単元を学ぶ

よくある落とし穴

日本語では否定の質問に「はい」と答えると、否定の内容を認めることになります(「来ないんですか?」「はい、行きません」)。英語では“Aren’t you coming?”に“Yes”と答えると「行く」という意味になるので、yesやnoのあとの言葉まで聞きましょう。

  • オウム返し:“Tuesday”や“report”を繰り返すだけで、依頼には応えていない返答。
  • 種類の取り違え:“where”の質問に時間で、“when”の質問に場所で答える返答。
  • 字面どおりの返答:相手が“I left my notes in the library”と言った直後に、問題を無視して“Great, let’s start”と言うこと。
  • 作られた情報:誰も言っていない事実を前提にしないと成り立たない選択肢。
  • 早すぎる判断:“instead”や“not”のように意味を変えうる最後の語を聞く前に選ぶこと。

15分の試験対策ルーティン

模擬試験の一文だけの問題を使うか、一緒に勉強する人に文を一度ずつ読み上げてもらいましょう。

  • 名前をつける:目的を声に出して言います。場所、時間、行動、申し出、提案、問題のどれでしょうか。
  • 予測する:選択肢を読む前に、どんな返答が合うかを言います。
  • 選ぶ:その役割を果たす返答を選び、単語を繰り返すだけの選択肢は消します。
  • 説明する:間違えた問題ごとに、話し手が何を求めていたかを一行で書きます。
  • 話す:パートナーと勉強会の予定を立て、実際の制約を一つ入れて、自分の言葉で新しい時間を決めます。

次のステップ

ほとんどの問題で一度聞くだけで目的を言えるようになったら、予定や役割分担が何度かのやり取りの中で展開する長めの会話へ、その次はアナウンスへ進みましょう。

よくある質問

TOEFL iBTの“Listen and Choose a Response”とは何ですか?

2026年に導入されたTOEFL iBTの形式にあるListeningの問題です。短い質問や発言を聞き、文字で示された選択肢から最も適切な返答を選びます。

TOEFLのListeningで音声を聞き直せますか?

いいえ。試験では各音声は一度しか流れないので、一度で目的をつかむ練習をしましょう。

録音の単語を繰り返す選択肢は、なぜ不正解になりやすいのですか?

同じ単語は、話題が同じであることを示すだけです。正しい返答は、話し手が求めているものに応えます。

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