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英語の練習

TOEFL iBT Listeningの“Listen to an Announcement”:開催時刻、締め切り、変更点、例外を聞き分ける方法

Two adults listen to a briefing in a campus welcome area.

2026年に導入されたTOEFL iBTの形式にある“Listen to an Announcement”の解き方:開催時刻とそれより早い締め切りを区別する、変わった点と変わらない点を追う、条件と例外を正しい聞き手に当てはめる。B1以上の受験者向けです。

TOEFL iBTの“Listen to an Announcement”では、キャンパスの行事や予定の変更などについての短いアナウンスを一度だけ聞き、多肢選択式の問題に答えます。問題は実用的で、アナウンスの目的、いつどこで何があるか、何が変わったか、特定の聞き手が何をすべきかが問われます。誤りの選択肢は、録音に実際に出てきた情報を違う役割で使っていることがよくあります。この記事は2026年に導入されたTOEFL iBTの形式に基づき、中級(B1)以上の受験者に向けて書きました。

この記事が向いている人

  • 2026年に導入されたTOEFL iBTの形式に向けて準備し、アナウンスの話題はわかっても、時刻・場所・条件の問題を落としてしまう受験者。
  • “Friday at four thirty”と“by Wednesday evening”を続けて聞き、“When must you book?”の答えがどちらか迷ってしまう方。
  • 部屋の変更や開始時刻の変更、締め切りが実際にアナウンスされる、英語圏のキャンパスに進む学生。
  • まだ早い:二人の短いやりとりで誰が何を言ったかをまだ見失うなら、応答を選ぶ問題と会話を聞く問題から始めましょう(下のリンク)。
  • 簡単すぎる:一度聞いただけで時刻、変更点、条件をすべて説明できるなら、講義を聞く問題に進みましょう(下のリンク)。

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単語カード

Personal · a missed change

Have you ever missed an announced change, such as a new time, room or deadline? What happened, and whose fault was it?

Useful: ‘The meeting had been moved to…, but I…’ · ‘I only found out when…’ · ‘Since then, I always check…’

Campus and society · campus announcements

What is the best way for a university to announce an important change: an email, an app notification or a notice in the building? Why?

Useful: ‘An email works as long as…’ · ‘The trouble with notifications is that…’ · ‘I’d combine… with…’

文の形

  1. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    The change was ______ weeks in advance through notices in stations and in newspapers

    答えと解説を見る

    announced

    The change did not announce itself: the passive (was + past participle) focuses on the change, not on who announced it.

  2. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    and it took effect at noon ______ November 18, 1883.

    答えと解説を見る

    on

    We use on with a date (on November 18) and at with a clock time (at noon).

  3. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Time signals ______ by telegraph from observatories helped jewelers and city officials set public clocks to the new standard.

    答えと解説を見る

    sent

    Sent by telegraph is a shortened passive clause (signals that were sent); the main verb of the sentence is helped.

  4. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Within a short time, most towns near a railroad line ______ the new time

    答えと解説を見る

    had adopted

    The towns did the adopting (active), and it was complete by a point in the past, so we use the past perfect.

  5. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Standard time did not become federal law in the United States ______ 1918

    答えと解説を見る

    until

    Not … until 1918 means that it happened only in 1918, and not before. Since needs the present perfect, and from does not combine with not … become.

  6. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Standard time did not become federal law in the United States until 1918, some thirty-five years after the railroads ______ introduced it.

    答えと解説を見る

    had

    The past perfect (had introduced) shows that the railroads acted before the law of 1918.

  7. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    what exactly has changed, from when, and ______ must I act?

    答えと解説を見る

    by when

    By when asks for a deadline: the latest moment to act. Until when asks how long something continues.

追加の練習

Capture the Event and Its Requirements — worked model

Two adults listen to a briefing in a campus welcome area.

Welcome to the evening language club. Tonight’s discussion takes place in Room C at six thirty, rather than the main lounge. Please bring your own notebook; reading sheets will be provided. The session is open to registered members, and guests should contact the organiser before attending.

Listen for the main information

  1. What is the announcement mainly about?

    答えと解説を見る

    A beginner workshop on a digital archive

    The opening announces an introductory workshop on using the digital collection.

  2. When will the workshop begin?

    答えと解説を見る

    Friday at 4:30 p.m.

    Friday 4:30 is the event time; Wednesday is the booking deadline and Tuesday is the laptop-request deadline.

  3. Why must participants book in advance?

    答えと解説を見る

    There are only twenty places

    The announcement links advance booking to a twenty-participant limit.

Listen for relationships and next steps

  1. What should someone needing a loan laptop do?

    答えと解説を見る

    Request one by Tuesday

    Loan devices must be requested by Tuesday so staff can prepare them.

  2. What experience is required?

    答えと解説を見る

    No previous research experience

    The workshop is explicitly designed for beginners and needs no previous research experience.

  3. Why are participants asked to arrive early?

    答えと解説を見る

    To connect to the network before the session

    The final instructions explain that early arrival allows help with network connection.

Review the recording and transfer the skill

Good afternoon. The campus archive is offering an introductory workshop on using its digital collection this Friday at four thirty. The session will be held in the training room beside the archive entrance and will last ninety minutes. Places are limited to twenty participants, so please book through the archive website by Wednesday evening. You will receive a confirmation email when your place is reserved. Bring a laptop if you have one. A small number of loan laptops are available, but these must be requested by Tuesday so staff can prepare them. The workshop is designed for beginners; you do not need previous research experience. Please arrive ten minutes before the start so we can help everyone connect to the network. This is a practical workshop, not a general tour of the archive.

Your open task

  • Give an accurate spoken reminder to a beginner who needs a loan laptop.
  • Explain how the three different days relate to different actions.
  • Create your own short announcement for a learning event with a clear audience and one condition.

Separate What Changed from What Stayed the Same — worked model

Two adults listen to a briefing in a campus welcome area.

This is an update for the afternoon reading group. The session will start at the usual time, but it will move from the gallery to the seminar room because an installation team needs access to the gallery. The reading topic is unchanged. Please use the side corridor to reach the new room.

Listen for these relationships

  • Updated detail: seminar room replaces gallery.
  • Reason: an installation team needs the original space.
  • Retained details: the start time and topic.
  • Required response: follow the side corridor to the new room.
  • The update changes the location and the route, not the time or the content.

Listen for the main information

  1. Why is the workshop moving?

    答えと解説を見る

    The ceiling in Studio B needs an inspection

    The announcement gives a maintenance inspection of Studio B’s ceiling as the reason.

  2. Where is the new room?

    答えと解説を見る

    On the ground floor of the same building

    Studio D is identified as being on the ground floor in the same building.

  3. What was the original starting time?

    答えと解説を見る

    Two o’clock

    The new 2:30 start is half an hour later, so the original start was 2:00.

Listen for relationships and next steps

  1. Which time remains unchanged?

    答えと解説を見る

    The four o’clock finish

    The announcement says the workshop will still finish at four.

  2. What should participants bring?

    答えと解説を見る

    Their booking confirmation

    Participants need confirmation; staff will move the tools and paper, so extra equipment is unnecessary.

  3. Who should contact the organiser by Tuesday afternoon?

    答えと解説を見る

    Anyone with arranged access support who needs the new room checked

    The instruction is specifically for participants with arranged support for access.

Review the recording and transfer the skill

This message is for participants in Wednesday’s bookbinding workshop. The workshop will move from Studio B to Studio D because maintenance staff need to inspect the ceiling in Studio B. Studio D is in the same building, on the ground floor. To allow time for the materials to be moved, the workshop will begin at two thirty, half an hour later than originally planned. It will still finish at four. You do not need to bring any extra equipment; staff will transfer the tools and paper. Please bring your booking confirmation so we can check the attendance list quickly. If you have arranged support for access to the building, contact the organiser by Tuesday afternoon to confirm that the new room meets your needs. We will send a final reminder on Wednesday morning.

Your open task

  • Explain the revised plan, including the original and new start times.
  • Describe how the reason for the change affects the practical instructions.
  • Give your own update for a planned event, clearly stating one change and one unchanged detail.

Turn an Announcement into a Plan — worked model

Two adults listen to a briefing in a campus welcome area.

Volunteers for Saturday’s exhibition should complete the online safety briefing before their first shift. Those who have already completed it this month do not need to repeat it. Badges can be collected at reception from nine o’clock.

Listen for these relationships

  • A requirement can apply only to some listeners.
  • Already completed this month creates an exception.
  • Badge collection is a practical step, not proof that the briefing was completed.
  • Summarise instructions as actions in a sensible order.
  • The briefing requirement and the badge collection time are separate: arriving early does not replace completing the briefing.

Listen for the main information

  1. What must a new volunteer do before the first shift?

    答えと解説を見る

    Watch the induction video and complete its check

    The opening requires both the video and the linked three-question check.

  2. Who does not need to repeat the induction?

    答えと解説を見る

    Someone who completed it for last month’s exhibition

    The exception is specifically for people who completed this induction last month.

  3. What should a volunteer with a later shift do about the kit?

    答えと解説を見る

    Collect it from the welcome desk when needed

    Later-shift kits are kept at the same desk, and early arrival is explicitly unnecessary.

Listen for relationships and next steps

  1. Why should volunteers collect their own kits?

    答えと解説を見る

    Each kit is labelled for a named volunteer

    Named kits explain the instruction not to send a friend.

  2. What is the deadline for reporting that a volunteer cannot attend?

    答えと解説を見る

    Five o’clock on Monday

    The cancellation instruction gives Monday at five as the deadline.

  3. How should a volunteer report that they cannot attend?

    答えと解説を見る

    Email the coordinator

    Email reaches the coordinator; a public-post reply does not notify that person directly.

Review the recording and transfer the skill

Thank you to everyone volunteering at Tuesday’s community exhibition. Before your first shift, please watch the short induction video and complete the three-question check linked below it. If you completed this induction for our exhibition last month, you do not need to repeat it. On Tuesday, volunteer kits can be collected from the welcome desk between nine and nine thirty. If your shift begins later in the day, your kit will be kept at the same desk; there is no need to arrive during the morning collection period. Each kit is labelled for a named volunteer, so please do not send a friend to collect it. If you can no longer attend, email the coordinator by five o’clock on Monday so we can rearrange the rota. Replying to the public social-media post will not notify the coordinator directly.

Your open task

  • Explain the correct sequence for a new volunteer whose shift begins at noon.
  • Describe how the instructions differ for a returning volunteer.
  • Give a short announcement with a requirement, an exception and a clear contact route.

Times, deadlines and changes in the passage

  1. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    The change was ______ weeks in advance through notices in stations and in newspapers

    答えと解説を見る

    announced

    The change did not announce itself: the passive (was + past participle) focuses on the change, not on who announced it.

  2. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    and it took effect at noon ______ November 18, 1883.

    答えと解説を見る

    on

    We use on with a date (on November 18) and at with a clock time (at noon).

  3. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Time signals ______ by telegraph from observatories helped jewelers and city officials set public clocks to the new standard.

    答えと解説を見る

    sent

    Sent by telegraph is a shortened passive clause (signals that were sent); the main verb of the sentence is helped.

  4. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Within a short time, most towns near a railroad line ______ the new time

    答えと解説を見る

    had adopted

    The towns did the adopting (active), and it was complete by a point in the past, so we use the past perfect.

  5. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Standard time did not become federal law in the United States ______ 1918

    答えと解説を見る

    until

    Not … until 1918 means that it happened only in 1918, and not before. Since needs the present perfect, and from does not combine with not … become.

  6. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Standard time did not become federal law in the United States until 1918, some thirty-five years after the railroads ______ introduced it.

    答えと解説を見る

    had

    The past perfect (had introduced) shows that the railroads acted before the law of 1918.

  7. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    what exactly has changed, from when, and ______ must I act?

    答えと解説を見る

    by when

    By when asks for a deadline: the latest moment to act. Until when asks how long something continues.

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どんな問題か

一人の話し手が、学生やボランティアなどのグループに向けて話します。聞いた内容を次の四つの見出しで整理しましょう。

  • 目的:話し手はなぜ話しているのか。
  • 行事:何が、いつ、どこで行われるのか。
  • 変更点:何が新しくなり、なぜ変わり、何がそのままか。
  • すべきこと:誰が何をいつまでにするのか、誰が免除されるのか。

開催時刻か、締め切りか

アナウンスには複数の時刻が出てきますが、行事そのものは一つだけです。アーカイブのワークショップのアナウンスでは、金曜日の4時30分がワークショップ本体、水曜日の夜が予約の締め切り、火曜日がノートパソコンの貸し出しのための、さらに早い締め切りです。それぞれの時刻を動詞と前置詞に結びつけましょう。

  • 時刻にはat、曜日や日付にはon。鉄道の標準時が始まった瞬間:“at noon on November 18, 1883”。
  • byは締め切り、つまり行動できる最も遅い時点:“please book through the archive website by Wednesday evening”。
  • untilはある時点まで続くこと:“The desk stays open until nine thirty.”
  • not … untilは、その時になって初めて起きたこと:“Standard time did not become federal law in the United States until 1918.”

解いてみよう:三つの曜日、三つの行動

同じアナウンスから二つの文を読んで、答えましょう。

  • “Places are limited to twenty participants, so please book through the archive website by Wednesday evening.”
  • “A small number of loan laptops are available, but these must be requested by Tuesday so staff can prepare them.”
“What should someone needing a loan laptop do?”

何が変わり、何が変わらないか

ある変更のお知らせでは、保守スタッフが天井を点検するため、製本ワークショップがStudio BからStudio Dに移ります。開始は2時30分に遅れます(“half an hour later than originally planned”)が、終了時刻は同じです:“It will still finish at four.” もとの開始時刻を問う問題が出ることもあり、その答えは自分で計算します。2時です。聞き取るべき合図は次のとおりです。

  • 変更:move from … to …、instead of、rather than、no longer。
  • 理由:because、so that、to allow time for。
  • 変わらない:still、as usual、unchanged。
  • 受け身は、何が変わったかに焦点を当てます:“The workshop has been moved to Studio D.”
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条件と例外:誰が何をするのか

多くの指示は、一部の聞き手にだけ当てはまります。ボランティアは最初のシフトの前に説明動画を見なければなりませんが、アナウンスはこう付け加えます:“If you completed this induction for our exhibition last month, you do not need to repeat it.” それぞれのルールを、問題が尋ねている人に当てはめましょう。

  • 要件:must、should、please、before your first shift。
  • 例外:do not need to、there is no need to。
  • 条件:if、unless、as long as。先月動画を見終えたことと、展示を見学したことは同じではありません。
  • 欠席する場合の締め切りと連絡方法:“email the coordinator by five o’clock on Monday”。“Replying to the public social-media post will not notify the coordinator directly.”

よくある間違い

日本語の「まで」と「までに」は、英語のuntilとbyにほぼ対応します。「火曜日まで受付にいます」は続く状態、「火曜日までに申し込んでください」は締め切りです。「まで」をuntilとだけ覚えていると、締め切りにもuntilを使いがちです。練習のメモでは、締め切りの横にbyと書いておきましょう。

  • 予約の締め切りを問われているのに、開催時刻を選ぶ。
  • 聞こえたというだけで場所を選ぶ:“in Room C at six thirty, rather than the main lounge”では、loungeは除外されています。
  • アナウンスが免除している人に、要件を当てはめる。
  • すべてが変わったと思い込む:部屋が変わっても、終了時刻は同じかもしれません。

15分の練習メニュー

スクリプト付きの練習用アナウンスを使いましょう。

  • 本番と同じように一度だけ聞き、聞き直す前に答えます。
  • 二回目は三つの欄を埋めます:行事、締め切り、変更点と例外。
  • スクリプトのby、until、still、instead、if、unlessに下線を引きます。
  • 一人の聞き手に向けて言い直します:“If you need a loan laptop, request it by Tuesday.”
  • 変更点を一つ、変わらない点を一つ、例外を一つ入れた短いアナウンスを自分で書きます。

次のステップ

どのアナウンスにも、こう問いかけましょう:“what exactly has changed, from when, and by when must I act?” 一度聞いただけで内容を友人に伝えられるようになったら、講義を聞く問題に進みましょう。スピーキングの練習には、“An email works as long as…”で始めて、次の質問に答えてみましょう:“What is the best way for a university to announce an important change: an email, an app notification or a notice in the building?”

よくある質問

TOEFL iBTの“Listen to an Announcement”とは何ですか?

2026年に導入されたTOEFL iBTの形式にあるListeningの問題です。短いアナウンスを一度だけ聞き、多肢選択式の問題に答えます。

締め切りと開催時刻はどう見分けますか?

それぞれの時刻と結びついている動詞を探しましょう。“The workshop is on Friday”は行事、“book by Wednesday”は締め切りで、ふつうは行事より前に来ます。

録音は理解できたのに、なぜ間違えるのですか?

誤りの選択肢は、実際に出てきた情報を違う役割で使っています。前の部屋、開催時刻、ほかの聞き手だけに当てはまる手順などです。

FlalingoはTOEFLを運営する団体と提携しておらず、それらの団体から承認を受けていません。

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