本文へ移動
Flalingo

英語の練習

TOEFL iBT Listeningの“Listen to a Conversation”：計画と条件、だれが何をするかを聞き取る方法

Two adults discuss a practical plan at a community event desk.

2026年に導入されたTOEFL iBTの形式にある“Listen to a Conversation”の解き方：目的・障害・計画をたどる、提案と引き受けを区別する、予備の計画を条件とセットで聞く、態度の変化に気づく。B1以上の受験者向け。

TOEFL iBTの“Listen to a Conversation”では、二人の短い会話を一度だけ聞き、その内容について選択式の問題に答えます。こうした会話の多くは実用的な内容で、目的があり、障害が生じ、計画が決まります。次の四つを区別しましょう。提案されただけのこと、合意されたこと、それぞれの作業をだれが引き受けるか、そして条件が満たされたときだけ起こることです。この記事は2026年に導入されたTOEFL iBTの形式に基づき、中級（B1）以上の受験者に向けて書きました。

この記事が向いている人

  • 2026年に導入されたTOEFL iBTの形式に向けて準備し、日常的な会話は理解できても、計画や次の行動を問う問題で失点する受験者。
  • すべての文を理解したのに、“What will the man do?”に対して、女性が申し出たことや、最初の計画が失敗したときだけ行う予備の計画を選んでしまう方。
  • だれが何を提案し、だれが同意し、だれが責任を持つのか、グループの決定を英語ではっきり伝えたい学生。
  • まだ早い：短いやりとりでだれが何を言ったかをよく見失うなら、短い発話一つに合う応答を選ぶ問題から始めましょう（下のリンク）。
  • 簡単すぎる：一度聞いただけで会話の計画、条件、各自の担当をまとめられるなら、アナウンスや講義の聞き取りに進みましょう（下のリンク）。

サンプルページを開く

サンプルページを開く

単語カード

Personal · group projects

Think of a group project you took part in. Did everyone do their share? What made the difference?

Useful: ‘One person offered to…, but…’ · ‘In the end, we agreed that…’ · ‘Looking back, we should have…’

Campus and society · teams at work

Should every task at work have one named owner, or does that make people less willing to help each other?

Useful: ‘Having one owner means that…’ · ‘On the other hand, people might…’ · ‘In my experience, teams work best when…’

会話

Maya We need somewhere quiet to record our project introduction.

Owen The small study room is free, but its ventilation system is rather noisy.

Maya Then being free isn’t enough. We need a place where our voices will be clear.

Owen We could ask to use the meeting room after the staff session ends.

Maya Good idea. I’ll check when they finish before we move the equipment.

文の形

  1. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    One student suggests ______ a room.

    答えと解説を見る

    booking

    Suggest is followed by the -ing form (or a that-clause), never by to + verb.

  2. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Another agrees ______ a room is necessary.

    答えと解説を見る

    that

    Agree that + clause reports an opinion; agree to + verb reports a commitment.

  3. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    If the library is full, Jonas ______ ask the department office.

    答えと解説を見る

    will

    A backup plan uses the first conditional: if + present simple, will + base verb.

  4. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    For this reason, many teachers now ask student groups ______ who agreed to do what at the end of every meeting.

    答えと解説を見る

    to record

    Ask + person + to + base verb reports a request: ask student groups to record.

  5. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    For this reason, many teachers now ask student groups to record who agreed ______ what at the end of every meeting.

    答えと解説を見る

    to do

    Agree to + base verb reports a commitment to act.

  6. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Yet roles have limits, and some researchers warn ______ treating them as a complete answer.

    答えと解説を見る

    against

    Warn against + -ing tells people not to do something.

  7. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    In any planning conversation, the key question is not only what the group decided, but who agreed to do it, by when, and what ______ if the first plan fails.

    答えと解説を見る

    happens

    In an embedded question, what is the subject, so there is no auxiliary: what happens if…

追加の練習

Track the Goal and the Obstacle — worked model

Two adults discuss a practical plan at a community event desk.

Maya We need somewhere quiet to record our project introduction.

Owen The small study room is free, but its ventilation system is rather noisy.

Maya Then being free isn’t enough. We need a place where our voices will be clear.

Owen We could ask to use the meeting room after the staff session ends.

Maya Good idea. I’ll check when they finish before we move the equipment.

Listen for the main information

  1. What do the speakers need to prepare?

    答えと解説を見る

    Forty handouts for a noon briefing

    Maya states that forty volunteer handouts are needed before the noon briefing.

  2. What is the immediate equipment problem?

    答えと解説を見る

    The colour printer keeps jamming

    Owen says the colour printer jams, while the downstairs black-and-white machine works.

  3. Why is Maya initially unsure about black-and-white printing?

    答えと解説を見る

    The map uses colour to distinguish activity areas

    Maya worries that people could confuse areas when the map’s colours disappear.

Listen for relationships and next steps

  1. What solution does Owen suggest?

    答えと解説を見る

    Add area names and different border patterns

    Names and border patterns preserve distinctions without depending on colour.

  2. What will Owen do before printing all the copies?

    答えと解説を見る

    Check the revised map and print one sample

    Owen agrees to check labels and print a sample before the full run.

  3. What priority does Maya express at the end?

    答えと解説を見る

    Clear information before the approaching briefing

    She explicitly values a readable map over colour because the briefing is close.

Review the recording and transfer the skill

Maya The volunteer handouts need to be ready before the briefing at noon. We need forty copies.

Owen I tried the colour printer, but it keeps jamming. The black-and-white machine downstairs is working.

Maya That could work, except the map uses different colours for the activity areas. Without those colours, people might confuse the areas.

Owen Could we add a name and a different border pattern to each area? Then the map would still make sense in black and white.

Maya Yes, that would be clearer. I’ll change the map now. Could you check the revised version before we print all forty copies?

Owen Of course. I’ll check the labels and print one sample first. If the sample is clear, we can use the machine downstairs.

Maya Great. A readable map matters more than a colourful page, especially with the briefing so close.

Your open task

  • Summarise the goal, obstacle and solution without reading the transcript aloud.
  • Explain why the solution preserves the purpose of the handout.
  • Negotiate a different practical problem with your teacher, including a clear next action.

Notice Attitude Without Taking Every Word Literally — worked model

Two adults discuss a practical plan at a community event desk.

Owen I was worried our interview would sound too formal.

Maya The opening question helped. It gave the guest a chance to talk about a familiar experience.

Owen Yes, the conversation felt much more natural after that.

Maya We still need clearer follow-up questions, though.

Owen I agree. A relaxed opening doesn’t solve every problem.

Listen for these relationships

  • Was worried marks an earlier concern; felt more natural signals improvement.
  • Still and though introduce a remaining limitation.
  • The speakers agree on progress without claiming that the work is perfect.
  • Listen across the exchange rather than assigning one attitude from the first sentence.

Listen for the main information

  1. How does Maya initially react to the proposal?

    答えと解説を見る

    She is concerned that another survey could create too much work

    Her opening response worries about collecting more feedback than the team can act on.

  2. Why does Owen mention the number of questions?

    答えと解説を見る

    To show that the form is short and manageable

    Only four questions addresses Maya’s concern about an overly long survey.

  3. What does Maya clarify about her first reaction?

    答えと解説を見る

    She thought Owen meant another long questionnaire

    Maya says she had assumed a long questionnaire was being proposed again.

Listen for relationships and next steps

  1. What does Owen suggest doing with the comments?

    答えと解説を見る

    Look for repeated concerns

    He proposes finding repeated concerns rather than treating every comment as its own project.

  2. What does Maya mean by Collecting them is the easy part?

    答えと解説を見る

    Reading and using the comments will require planning

    The statement emphasises the later work of reviewing feedback, which is why she asks who will do it.

  3. What is the final agreed plan?

    答えと解説を見る

    Try the form for a week and discuss the organised themes next Friday

    They agree to a one-week trial; Owen will organise comments for a discussion next Friday.

Review the recording and transfer the skill

Owen I’ve drafted a feedback form for people using the new study area. Could you look at it?

Maya Another survey? We might spend longer collecting feedback than fixing the problems people tell us about.

Owen I understand the concern, but this one has only four questions. Two ask about noise and lighting, one asks when people usually visit, and the last leaves space for a suggestion.

Maya Four questions is more manageable. I thought you were proposing a long questionnaire again.

Owen No. We can leave the cards near the exit for a week and look for repeated concerns, rather than treating every comment as a separate project.

Maya That makes sense. Let’s try it for one week, but decide in advance who will read the cards. Collecting them is the easy part.

Owen I’ll organise the comments, and we can discuss the main themes together next Friday.

Your open task

  • Explain how Maya’s position changes and identify the language that shows it.
  • Restate her final concern in direct, non-figurative language.
  • Discuss a small improvement project with your teacher and agree how feedback would be used.

Keep Conditions and Responsibilities Separate — worked model

Two adults discuss a practical plan at a community event desk.

Maya Can you bring the display boards to the hall?

Owen Yes, if someone can unlock the store cupboard first.

Maya I’ll ask reception for the key. If the receptionist is away, I’ll call the building manager.

Owen Then I’ll wait by the cupboard. There’s no point carrying the empty stands over yet.

Listen for these relationships

  • Owen’s agreement depends on access to the cupboard.
  • Main action: Maya asks reception for a key.
  • Backup action: call the manager only if the receptionist is away.
  • Do not turn a conditional backup into something that has already happened.

Listen for the main information

  1. What timing problem do the speakers face?

    答えと解説を見る

    The usual room opening leaves little time to test the microphone

    The room normally opens at 10:45 and the event starts at 11, leaving only fifteen minutes for testing.

  2. Which option do they prefer to try first?

    答えと解説を見る

    Ask for the room to be unlocked at 10:15

    They agree to try early access before changing the advertised start time.

  3. Why does Owen prefer to keep the eleven o’clock start?

    答えと解説を見る

    Attendees have already planned around that time

    Owen says people have already arranged to come at eleven.

Listen for relationships and next steps

  1. What is Maya’s role if early access is granted?

    答えと解説を見る

    Meet the guest while Owen tests the microphone

    The agreed division is Maya collecting the guest and Owen testing the microphone.

  2. What should Owen do if early access is refused?

    答えと解説を見る

    Phone Maya before she leaves for the station

    Maya asks for a call before departure so she can consult the coordinator about another room.

  3. Which action has not yet been agreed?

    答えと解説を見る

    Changing the discussion’s start time

    Maya explicitly says not to announce a new start time unless they agree on one.

Review the recording and transfer the skill

Maya Our guest reaches the station at ten forty, and the discussion begins at eleven. I can meet her, but the microphone still needs testing.

Owen I can test it if we can get into the room early. The usual opening time is ten forty-five.

Maya That leaves very little time. We could delay the discussion, or ask the building team to unlock the room at ten fifteen.

Owen Let’s try early access first. People have already arranged to come at eleven, so I’d rather keep that time.

Maya Agreed. Please call the building team now. If they can unlock it early, you can test the microphone while I collect the guest.

Owen And if they can’t?

Maya Phone me before I leave for the station. I’ll ask the event coordinator whether another room is available. Don’t announce a new start time unless we agree on one.

Owen Understood. I’ll check access first and let you know the result.

Your open task

  • Give a short briefing that separates the main plan, the condition and the backup.
  • Explain each person’s responsibility in your own words.
  • Negotiate a new plan with your teacher and include one clear if-condition.

Reporting plans and commitments in the passage

  1. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    One student suggests ______ a room.

    答えと解説を見る

    booking

    Suggest is followed by the -ing form (or a that-clause), never by to + verb.

  2. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Another agrees ______ a room is necessary.

    答えと解説を見る

    that

    Agree that + clause reports an opinion; agree to + verb reports a commitment.

  3. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    If the library is full, Jonas ______ ask the department office.

    答えと解説を見る

    will

    A backup plan uses the first conditional: if + present simple, will + base verb.

  4. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    For this reason, many teachers now ask student groups ______ who agreed to do what at the end of every meeting.

    答えと解説を見る

    to record

    Ask + person + to + base verb reports a request: ask student groups to record.

  5. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    For this reason, many teachers now ask student groups to record who agreed ______ what at the end of every meeting.

    答えと解説を見る

    to do

    Agree to + base verb reports a commitment to act.

  6. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Yet roles have limits, and some researchers warn ______ treating them as a complete answer.

    答えと解説を見る

    against

    Warn against + -ing tells people not to do something.

  7. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    In any planning conversation, the key question is not only what the group decided, but who agreed to do it, by when, and what ______ if the first plan fails.

    答えと解説を見る

    happens

    In an embedded question, what is the subject, so there is no auxiliary: what happens if…

この単元を学ぶ
どの方法で学びますか？
アカウントをお持ちですか？

無料アカウントで1つの単元をずっと開いておけます。

どんな問題か

多くの場合、学生や同僚の二人が実用的な問題について話します。音声は一度だけ流れ、問題では会話の問題点、細かい情報、話し手の態度、次の行動が問われることがあります。聞きながら、次の三つの見出しを頭に置きましょう。

  • 目的は正確に：はっきり録音できるほど静かな場所と、ただの空き部屋は同じ目的ではありません。
  • 障害：すぐに思いつく解決策を妨げるもの。but、except、the problem isのあとによく出てきます。
  • 計画：最終的に決まった方法、だれがどの部分を担当するか、どんな条件か。

解いてみよう：空いているけれど静かではない部屋

本番と同じように一度だけ聞き、目的、障害、計画を書き分けてみましょう。

Maya We need somewhere quiet to record our project introduction.

Owen The small study room is free, but its ventilation system is rather noisy.

Maya Then being free isn’t enough. We need a place where our voices will be clear.

Owen We could ask to use the meeting room after the staff session ends.

Maya Good idea. I’ll check when they finish before we move the equipment.

Mayaが引き受けた作業はどれですか？

提案か、同意か、引き受けか

アイデアは決定ではなく、決定はまだ終わった行動ではありません。表現を手がかりに、それぞれの文を分類しましょう。

  • 提案：“We could ask…”、“Why don’t we…?”、“How about…?”
  • 同意：“Good idea.”、“That makes sense.”、“Agreed.”
  • 引き受け：“I’ll check when they finish.” その場で決めたことを表すwillは、新しい約束の印です。
  • 依頼：“Please call the building team now.” 相手が受け入れれば、その人の作業になります。
  • 未決定：“Don’t announce a new start time unless we agree on one.”
  • あとで伝える：“He suggested asking for the room”（suggest + -ing）、“She agreed to check the time”（引き受け）、“They agreed that a room was necessary”（意見）。

主な計画、条件、予備の計画

予備の計画は、ふつうfirst conditionalと呼ばれる条件文（if + 現在形、will + 動詞の原形）で表され、条件が実際に満たされたときだけ実行されます。

  • 主な行動：“I’ll ask reception for the key.”
  • 予備の計画：“If the receptionist is away, I’ll call the building manager.” まだだれも電話していません。
  • 条件付きの承諾：“Yes, if someone can unlock the store cupboard first.”
  • 結果によって決まる役割：“If they can unlock it early, you can test the microphone while I collect the guest.”
  • unlessはif notの意味です：“unless we agree on one”は、合意しないかぎり新しい開始時刻はない、ということです。
自分に合った方法でこの単元を学ぶ

話し手の立場が変わるとき

最初の反応が最後の立場とはかぎりません。やりとり全体を聞きましょう。

  • 和らいだ疑い：“Another survey?”は反対に聞こえますが、用紙が短いとわかると、同じ人が“Four questions is more manageable.”と言います。心配していたのは作業量でした。
  • 残る課題：stillやthoughは、まだ解決していない点を示します：“We still need clearer follow-up questions, though.”
  • 言外の意味：“Collecting them is the easy part”は、意見を読んで生かすにはまだ計画が必要だ、という意味です。

よくある間違い

誤りの選択肢は、聞こえた単語をくり返しながら、人や時点を入れ替えていることがよくあります。日本語では主語を省くことが多く、「確認しておきます」と言うだけでも、だれがするかは文脈でわかります。英語の会話ではI、you、weが担当者を示すので、主語を聞き逃さないようにしましょう。

  • “We could ask…”を決定だと受け取る。
  • 予備の計画を主な計画にしてしまう。
  • 作業を別の話し手に割り当てる：I、you、weをよく聞きましょう。
  • “I’ll check”を、確認がもう終わったという意味に取る。

15分の練習メニュー

スクリプト付きの練習用会話を使いましょう。

  • 一度聞き、聞き直す前に問題に答えます。
  • 二回目は、だれが、何を、どんな条件でするかをメモします。
  • スクリプトで提案、引き受け、if、unlessに下線を引き、各解答の根拠になった文を見つけます。
  • suggested、agreed to、willを使って、計画を声に出してまとめます。

次のステップ

一度聞いただけで計画をほかの人に説明できるようになったら、アナウンスや講義の聞き取りに進みましょう。スピーキングの練習として、次の問いについて話し合ってみましょう：“Should every task at work have one named owner?”

よくある質問

TOEFL iBTの“Listen to a Conversation”とは何ですか？

2026年に導入されたTOEFL iBTの形式にあるListeningの問題です。二人の短い会話を一度聞き、その内容について選択式の問題に答えます。

“What will the speaker do next?”にはどう答えればいいですか？

その話し手が作業を引き受ける文（“I’ll…”）や、依頼を受け入れる文を探しましょう。提案されただけのアイデアや、条件しだいの予備の計画は、よくある誤りの選択肢です。

単語は全部聞き取れたのに、TOEFLの会話問題を間違えるのはなぜですか？

誤りの選択肢は、録音に出てきた単語を使いながら、行動する人、時点、条件を変えていることがよくあります。

次の練習を探す

FlalingoはTOEFLを運営する団体と提携しておらず、それらの団体から承認を受けていません。

この単元を学ぶ
どの方法で学びますか？
アカウントをお持ちですか？

無料アカウントで1つの単元をずっと開いておけます。

次は何をしましょうか？

Flaiで練習を続けよう

Flaiは、音声会話、訂正内容、レッスンレポートでスピーキング練習を支えるFlalingoのAIアプリです。

App StoreGoogle Play

ライブの先生と学ぶ

Flalingoのレッスンでは、このような単元をライブの先生とマンツーマンで練習します。

© 2026 フラリンゴ | 全ての権利を保有します

プライバシーポリシー
利用規約
クッキーポリシー
訪問者プライバシー通知