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Flalingo

Práctica de inglés

First o second conditional (B1): cómo escribir en inglés una propuesta de vivienda con planes reales e ideales

Two friends inspect a neglected suburban house while holding renovation plans.

Guía B1 para describir una casa o un piso en inglés y escribir una propuesta de 130–160 palabras que separe los pasos que ya puedes pagar (if + presente, will) de las mejoras que solo imaginas (if + pasado, would).

Una buena propuesta de vivienda en inglés dice dónde está el lugar, nombra el punto débil que decide qué se hace primero y separa dos tipos de plan. Los pasos que puedes pagar llevan el first conditional: “If the owner installs a handrail, we will ask for an inspection.” Las ideas que solo puedes imaginar llevan el second conditional: “If we had a larger budget, we would extend the kitchen.” Esta guía es de nivel B1 (intermedio) y está pensada para adultos que confunden will y would cuando planifican algo.

¿Para quién es este artículo?

  • Adultos de nivel intermedio que se saben “if + past, would” pero eligen entre will y would casi al azar cuando planifican algo.
  • Personas que buscan piso, comparten casa, hacen reformas o escriben propuestas en el trabajo y necesitan separar lo acordado de lo que solo es una buena idea.
  • Estudiantes que describen casas con nice y big y quieren palabras precisas como on the outskirts, cosy, spacious, attic y terrace.
  • Demasiado pronto: si todavía te cuesta escribir pasos ordenados con must, can y don’t, empieza por una guía de nivel preintermedio para el primer día que separa normas y opciones.
  • Demasiado fácil: si ya separas sin pensar los planes reales de los deseos, pasa a B2 y describe una foto sin presentar suposiciones como hechos.

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Tarjetas de vocabulario

locates and describes the property

Find this sentence in the model and explain what it does.

It is on the outskirts, but a frequent bus stops outside the gate.

identifies one decisive weakness

Find this sentence in the model and explain what it does.

The main weakness is the attic staircase.

separates funded conditions from imagined improvements

Find this sentence in the model and explain what it does.

If we had a larger budget, we would extend the kitchen and create a second bathroom.

ends with a conditional recommendation

Find this sentence in the model and explain what it does.

I recommend renting the cottage if the inspection confirms that the roof and chimney are safe.

Conversación

maya I thought the basement could become a shared kitchen, but the surveyor found water behind the back wall.

owen So what happens if the owner doesn't repair it?

maya If it stays damp, we won't use the basement at all. We'll put the kitchen on the ground floor and reduce the number of bedrooms.

owen That changes the budget. What would you do if money weren't a problem?

maya I'd repair the basement, widen the entrance, and add a small lift. Then the top floor could become a light, spacious studio.

owen But with the actual budget?

maya We'll fix the drainage behind the back wall first. As soon as the owner agrees to that, we'll ask for two quotations for the entrance.

owen Good. If the quotations are reasonable, the committee will still consider the house.

Estructura de la frase

Which result is realistic, and which is only imagined?

Getting quotations is realistic because the committee can do it after the owner agrees. Adding a lift is imaginary because the current budget cannot pay for it.

The dialogue deliberately contrasts first-conditional project steps with second-conditional wish-list changes.

Más práctica

Why the first house was rejected

An employee applies evening-class learning at work while residents plan shared accommodation in an old house.

A neighbourhood association needed accommodation for four nurses working temporary contracts at the local hospital. Its first choice was a spacious house near the city centre. The rent was affordable, and the wooden floors and high ceilings were in good condition. However, the bedrooms were on the upper floors, the front steps were steep, and there was no practical place for a lift.

The committee did not reject the house because it looked old. A nurse who used crutches explained that an injury or an illness could make those stairs impossible. Her comment changed the order of the committee's priorities: access came before decoration and distance.

They then inspected a smaller bungalow in the suburbs. It had a narrow entrance and an untidy patio, but every bedroom was on the ground floor. If the owner widens the entrance, the association will sign a three-year lease. If the committee had a larger budget, it would also build a covered terrace; for now, it will repair the gate and create a level path.

The second property was less impressive in photographs. It became the stronger proposal because its central problem could be fixed without rebuilding the whole home.

narrator Her comment changed the order of the committee's priorities: access came before decoration and distance.

narrator If the owner widens the entrance, the association will sign a three-year lease.

reader If the committee had a larger budget, it would also build a covered terrace.

Imaginary situations: the second conditional

if + past, would + base verb

Use the second conditional for an imaginary, unlikely, or contrary-to-fact present or future situation.

If we bought this house, we would turn the basement into a workshop.

wouldn't + base verb

Use wouldn't for an imagined negative result.

I wouldn't remove the fireplace if I renovated the sitting room.

Would + subject + base verb … if …?

Use would before the subject to ask about the imagined consequence. Would or wouldn’t can also describe an imagined ideal without an if-clause when the condition is understood.

Would you live here if the roof were safe?

If I were you / if it were

Were is preferred for all persons in formal and careful second-conditional use, especially in If I were you.

If I were the owner, I would repair the entrance first.

could in the condition or result

Could can express imaginary ability or possibility.

If we could afford it, we could add a lift beside the steps.

first conditional: real possibility

Choose the first conditional when the speaker sees the condition as realistically possible.

If the survey is positive tomorrow, we will make an offer.

second conditional: imagined alternative

Choose the second conditional when considering a hypothetical version of the present or future.

If the building had a lift, more residents would apply.

No would in the if-clause

Normally put the past form in the if-clause and would in the result clause.

If I lived there, I would use the attic as an office.

Write a property proposal

The old station cottage could provide short-term accommodation for visiting nurses. It is on the outskirts, but a frequent bus stops outside the gate. The ground floor is cosy rather than spacious, with a fireplace, a wooden floor, and a small kitchen opening onto a terrace.

The main weakness is the attic staircase. Until a safety inspector approves the steps, we will use the attic only for storage. If the owner installs a handrail and improves the lighting, we will ask for an inspection. The roof also needs attention, so we should obtain a quotation as soon as the current tenant leaves.

If we had a larger budget, we would extend the kitchen and create a second bathroom. Those changes are desirable, not essential. I recommend renting the cottage if the inspection confirms that the roof and chimney are safe.

locates and describes the property

Find this sentence in the model and explain what it does.

It is on the outskirts, but a frequent bus stops outside the gate.

identifies one decisive weakness

Find this sentence in the model and explain what it does.

The main weakness is the attic staircase.

separates funded conditions from imagined improvements

Find this sentence in the model and explain what it does.

If we had a larger budget, we would extend the kitchen and create a second bathroom.

ends with a conditional recommendation

Find this sentence in the model and explain what it does.

I recommend renting the cottage if the inspection confirms that the roof and chimney are safe.

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Palabras para situar y describir una vivienda

Aprende cada expresión con su preposición. En español usas “en” para casi todo (“en las afueras”, “en la costa”, “en el último piso”); en inglés tienes que elegir entre in y on.

  • On the outskirts (en las afueras), on the coast, on the top floor, pero in the country e in the suburbs: “The training centre is on the outskirts of Bristol.”
  • Plantas: en inglés británico, ground floor es la planta baja y first floor la de encima, como en España. En inglés estadounidense, la planta baja se llama first floor.
  • Roof es el tejado y ceiling, el techo de una habitación. Basement es el sótano; attic, el desván bajo el tejado. Fireplace es la chimenea donde arde el fuego y chimney, el conducto por donde sale el humo: en español “chimenea” sirve para las dos cosas.
  • Spacious (amplio), cosy (pequeño y acogedor), light (luminoso): “The ground floor is cosy rather than spacious.”

Pasos reales: if, unless, as soon as, until

Para una condición que ves posible, usa if + presente y luego will o won’t. Después de when, unless, as soon as y until también va el presente, aunque hables del futuro. En español dices “en cuanto el inquilino se vaya”, con subjuntivo; en inglés basta el presente simple.

  • Unless significa “if not” (“a menos que”): “We won’t sign the lease unless the owner repairs the roof.”
  • As soon as (“en cuanto”), para el siguiente paso: “As soon as the tenant leaves, we’ll get a quotation for the roof.”
  • Until (“hasta que”), para un límite: “Until a safety inspector approves the steps, we will use the attic only for storage.”

Lo que solo imaginas: if + pasado, would

Para una situación que solo imaginas, usa if + pasado y luego would. Ese pasado no habla del pasado: marca distancia con la realidad. Igual que en español se dice “si tuviera”, no “si tendría”, en inglés no pongas would después de if.

  • “If we bought this house, we would turn the basement into a workshop.”
  • Were para todas las personas al escribir: “If I were the owner, I would repair the entrance first.” En la conversación también es común “if I was”.
  • Could para una capacidad imaginada: “If we could afford it, we could add a lift beside the steps.”

¿Will o would? Depende de lo real que sea la condición

Elige según lo real que te parezca la condición: “If I get the job, I’ll move” si ya te has presentado al puesto, “If I got the job, I’d move” si solo estás soñando. Abajo, un sótano húmedo ha cambiado un plan de reforma: pedir presupuestos es realista; el ascensor, un deseo.

Owen That changes the budget. What would you do if money weren't a problem?

Maya I'd repair the basement, widen the entrance, and add a small lift. Then the top floor could become a light, spacious studio.

Owen But with the actual budget?

Maya We'll fix the drainage behind the back wall first. As soon as the owner agrees to that, we'll ask for two quotations for the entrance.

Planifica una propuesta de 130–160 palabras

Escribe para un lector real y deja que el problema principal marque el orden: unas escaleras inseguras ponen el acceso por delante de la decoración.

  • Ubicación y finalidad: “It is on the outskirts, but a frequent bus stops outside the gate.”
  • Un único punto débil decisivo: “The main weakness is the attic staircase.”
  • Pasos con dinero asegurado, con if, until y as soon as.
  • Mejoras imaginadas, aparte: “If we had a larger budget, we would extend the kitchen and create a second bathroom.”
  • Una recomendación que conserva su condición: “I recommend renting the cottage if the inspection confirms that the roof and chimney are safe.”
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Errores frecuentes

Revisa tu borrador:

  • “If the owner will repair the roof, we’ll sign.” Después de if no va will: “If the owner repairs the roof, we’ll sign.”
  • “If I would have more money, I would buy it.” Después de if no va would: “If I had more money, I would buy it.”
  • “We won’t sign unless the owner doesn’t agree.” Unless ya es negativo: “We won’t sign unless the owner agrees.”
  • “The house is in the outskirts.” Se dice on the outskirts, pero in the suburbs.
  • Llamar attic al ático de un edificio español. Attic es el desván; un piso en la última planta es “a top-floor flat”.

Debate: ¿compartirías casa?

Responde a cada pregunta durante dos minutos en inglés, con una condición real y otra imaginada.

  • “Imagine you are seventy. Where would you like to live, and who with?”
  • “Would towns be better places if more people shared houses? Why or why not?”
  • “Should grown-up children have a say in where their parents live?”

Práctica diaria de 10 minutos

Dilo todo primero en voz alta.

  • 2 minutos: escucha el diálogo y separa los planes de los deseos.
  • 3 minutos: describe tu casa: dónde está, una habitación, un punto débil.
  • 3 minutos: dos pasos siguientes con if y as soon as, y un deseo con if I had.
  • 2 minutos: una recomendación que conserve su condición.

Siguiente paso

Separar lo acordado de lo que solo es posible también te ayuda en un correo de reclamación basado en hechos y en una recomendación equilibrada sobre las notificaciones del móvil. En B2, describe una foto sin presentar suposiciones como hechos.

Preguntas frecuentes

¿Qué diferencia hay entre el first conditional y el second conditional?

El first conditional es para una condición posible: “If the survey is positive tomorrow, we will make an offer.” El second conditional es para una condición imaginada: “If the building had a lift, more residents would apply.”

¿Se puede usar will después de if?

No para una condición futura: se dice “If it rains”, no “If it will rain”. Lo mismo ocurre después de when, unless, as soon as y until.

¿Se dice “if I was” o “if I were”?

Se usan las dos formas, pero al escribir se prefiere were, sobre todo en “If I were you”.

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