英語で2つの選択肢を比べる文章の書き方（B1 初中級、A2–B1）：同じ基準、量の限界、そしておすすめ

英語で2つの選択肢を比べるときは、読み手にとって大事な基準を3つ選び、両方を同じ物差しで測ります。価格は価格と、広さは広さと比べます。違いは比較級（“cheaper than”）、同じ点は “as … as”、2つの数字を並べるときは “whereas” で表します。“too many”、“too much”、“not enough” で限界を1つ加え、誰にとっても一番という言い方ではなく、特定の読み手に向けたおすすめで締めます。B1（初中級、A2–B1）レベルの大人向けで、1日10分で十分です。

この記事が向いている人

“cheaper” や “bigger” は知っているのに、比較の文章が2つの別々のリストのようになってしまう初中級の大人の方。
2つの会場、取引先、部屋、講座から1つを選び、その理由を英語のメールや報告書で説明する必要がある方。
2つの選択肢を比べて1つをすすめるライティング課題の準備をしている方。
まだ早い場合：“cheaper than” や “How many…?” にまだ慣れていないなら、先に A2 レベルで比較級と数えられる名詞を練習しましょう。
簡単すぎる場合：数字を使って比べ、はっきりおすすめできるなら、試験的な取り組みを提案して結果を測る B2 の記事に進みましょう。

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単語カード

same measure

compare price with price, capacity with capacity, and time with time

Room A costs £240; Room B costs £315.

minimum need

identify the number or quality that is enough for the purpose

They need at least 36 chairs and two accessible toilets.

trade-off and opinion

notice what improves, what becomes worse, and which need matters most

The larger room is more expensive but gives the group enough space.

会話

maya We have thirty-six confirmed participants for Saturday. Market Room costs £240 and Harbour Room costs £315.

owen Seventy-five pounds more is a lot. Is Harbour Room much bigger?

maya Yes. Market Room has 32 chairs; Harbour Room has 45. We need at least 36, and four people may still book.

owen Could Market Room add chairs?

maya Only if we remove two tables. Then there won’t be enough table space for the map activity.

owen What about access and equipment?

maya Harbour has two accessible toilets and a projector in the price. Market has one accessible toilet, and projector hire is £48.

owen So the real difference is only £27. Harbour is more comfortable and large enough even if four more people come.

maya I agree. We can save money by ordering a little less coffee; last time we had twelve litres left.

owen Book Harbour Room, then. I’ll send the participants an update today, well before the deadline.

文の形

What structure helps a reader decide?

Introduce the two comparable options, compare the same criteria with figures or examples, explain quantity limits, and finish with a recommendation for a named need.

The model compares like with like and makes a conditional recommendation instead of naming an unsupported universal winner.

Both…
whereas
more…than
as…as
too much/many
not enough
For people who…

追加の練習

Two lunch breaks, four weeks later

Two adults comparing delivery and venue figures for work.

TWO LUNCH BREAKS, FOUR WEEKS LATER

A design company offered its 184 employees two voluntary lunchtime programmes for four weeks. Group A joined a 30-minute guided walk three days a week. Group B used a new quiet room for reading or rest. Both groups completed a short survey before and after the trial.

The walking group began with 72 people, but only 58 attended at least eight walks. Their average afternoon-energy score rose from 6.1 to 7.4 out of ten. Sixty-eight per cent said they felt less stressed, although 14 people complained that the route was too crowded near the market. Several wanted a slower group because the guide sometimes walked too quickly.

The quiet-room group had 64 regular users. Their average energy score rose less, from 6.0 to 6.6, but 81 per cent said they returned to work feeling calmer. The room had only 20 seats. At 12:30 it was not large enough, and employees sometimes waited outside. After the company added a second session at 1:15, the room was as quiet as before but much less crowded.

Neither programme is the single “best” choice. Walking produced the bigger change in energy; quiet time helped a higher percentage relax. The company will continue both. It will create two walking speeds and keep the two room sessions, because different employees need different kinds of break.

Write a structured comparison

RIVER DESK OR STATION HUB?

Our team tested two coworking spaces for a month. River Desk costs £145 per person, whereas Station Hub costs £170. Both include fast internet and meeting rooms.

Station Hub is closer to public transport: it is two minutes from the station, compared with twelve minutes for River Desk. It also has six meeting rooms, twice as many as River Desk. However, there are too many calls in its open area after lunch, and the quiet zone has only eight seats. It is not large enough for our 14-person team.

River Desk is quieter and has enough desks for everyone. Its internet is as reliable as Station Hub’s, but the walk from the station is longer.

For colleagues who meet clients every day, Station Hub is more convenient. For our whole team, River Desk is the better choice because it is cheaper, quieter, and large enough.

What structure helps a reader decide?

Introduce the two comparable options, compare the same criteria with figures or examples, explain quantity limits, and finish with a recommendation for a named need.

The model compares like with like and makes a conditional recommendation instead of naming an unsupported universal winner.

Both…
whereas
more…than
as…as
too much/many
not enough
For people who…

この単元を学ぶ

どの方法で学びますか？

アカウントをお持ちですか？

無料アカウントで1つの単元をずっと開いておけます。

同じもの同士を比べる：3つの基準、同じ物差し

2つの選択肢を同じ方法で測ってはじめて、比較は判断の役に立ちます。実際に誰かが迷っている2つを選び、その人にとって大事な基準を3つ決めて、基準ごとに両方の数字を書きましょう。

同じ物差し：“Room A costs £240; Room B costs £315.”
最低条件：“They need at least 36 chairs and two accessible toilets.”
得るものと失うもの：“The larger room is more expensive but gives the group enough space.”

比較級、“as … as”、“whereas”

短い形容詞と -y で終わる形容詞は -er をつけ（cheaper、easier、bigger）、長い形容詞は前に “more” を置きます（more expensive）。“good” と “bad” は “better”、“worse” になります。日本語の「もっと」につられて “more cheaper” としがちですが、-er と “more” は一緒に使いません。語順も違います。日本語は「あれより大きい」のように比べる相手が先に来ますが、英語は “bigger than that one” のように形容詞のあとに “than” が来ます。「ずっと大きい」は “very” ではなく “much” を使います。同じ点は “as … as” で表します。「この部屋はあの部屋と同じくらい広い」は “This room is as big as that one.” です。共通点は “both”、2つの数字を並べるときは「〜のに対して」にあたる “whereas” を使います。話すときの “than” と “as” は弱く発音します：/ðən/、/əz/。

“The second room is much bigger and only a little more expensive.”
“The van is as reliable as the bike, but it does not arrive as quickly.”
“Park Gym costs £35 a month, whereas City Fitness costs £49.”

限界：“too many”、“too much”、“not enough”

限界が決め手になることは多いので、1つは入れましょう。日本語の「多い」は人にも砂糖にも使えますが、英語では分けます。複数名詞には “too many”、数えられない名詞には “too much” です。“enough” は名詞の前、形容詞のあとに置きます。日本語は「十分大きい」のように前に来ますが、英語では “big enough” です。“a few”、“a little” は少ないけれど役に立つ量、“a” のない “few”、“little” はほとんどないという意味です。

“There are too many energy drinks and too much sugar.”
“The smaller office has enough desks for everyone.”
“It is not large enough for our 14-person team.”
“We have a few spare bottles, but few walkers brought hats.”

短い会話：広い部屋はその値段に見合う？

2人の同僚がワークショップの会場を選んでいます。“Seventy-five pounds more”、“much bigger”、そして最低条件の “at least 36” に注意して聞きましょう。会話の続きで、Market Room ではプロジェクターの利用料が48ポンドかかり、Harbour Room では料金に含まれていることがわかります。つまり本当の差は27ポンドだけです。

Maya We have thirty-six confirmed participants for Saturday. Market Room costs £240 and Harbour Room costs £315.

Owen Seventy-five pounds more is a lot. Is Harbour Room much bigger?

Maya Yes. Market Room has 32 chairs; Harbour Room has 45. We need at least 36, and four people may still book.

自分に合った方法でこの単元を学ぶ

比較文の例：130〜160語

4つのステップで書きます。2つの選択肢を紹介し、3つの基準を数字で比べ、限界を1つ説明し、特定の読み手にすすめます。

“I tried two gyms near our office for two weeks. Park Gym costs £35 a month, whereas City Fitness costs £49. Both open at 6 a.m. and have showers. City Fitness is closer: it is a three-minute walk, compared with ten minutes for Park Gym. It also has twice as many classes. However, it is too crowded after work. At six o’clock there are not enough free machines, and the changing room is not big enough. Park Gym is quieter and has enough space for everyone. Its trainers are as friendly as the ones at City Fitness, but the walk is longer. For colleagues who train at lunchtime, City Fitness is more convenient. For those who train after work, Park Gym is the better choice because it is cheaper, quieter and less crowded.”

書き終える前に、もう一方を選ぶのは誰か、なぜかを自分に問いかけましょう。

よくある間違い

どれも簡単に直せます。

“more cheaper”, “more bigger”。形は1つだけにします：“cheaper”, “bigger”, “more expensive”。
“very bigger”。“much bigger” と言います。
“as big than”。同じ点は “as … as” です：“as big as”。
“too much chairs”, “enough big”。“too many chairs”, “big enough” と言います。
物差しを混ぜる：一方の部屋の値段ともう一方の広さを比べること。値段は値段と比べます。

1日10分の練習法

今週実際に迷った2つを選びましょう。たとえば2台のスマートフォンや、通勤の2つのルートです。

2分：会話を再生し、1文ずつ繰り返します。
3分：3つの基準と選択肢ごとの数字、そして限界を1つメモします。
3分：4つのステップで130〜160語を書きます。
2分：声に出して読み、すべての数字に単位があるか確かめます。

次のステップ

今ある2つの選択肢を比べられるようになったら、先を見る文章に進みましょう。根拠を行動につなげる予測の文章、その次はルールと選択を分ける初日ガイドです。

よくある質問

英語で比較の段落はどう書けばいいですか？

2つの選択肢を紹介し、同じ3つの基準を数字で比べ、限界を1つ加えて、特定の読み手へのおすすめで締めます：“For people who train after work, Park Gym is the better choice.”

“too much” と “too many” の違いは何ですか？

複数名詞には “too many”（“too many people”）、数えられない名詞には “too much”（“too much noise”）を使います。足りないときはどちらも “not enough” です：“not enough chairs”, “not enough space”。

“enough” は文のどこに置きますか？

名詞の前、形容詞や副詞のあとに置きます：“enough chairs”, “large enough”, “quickly enough”。