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TOEFL iBT Reading “Complete the Words”: cómo completar las letras que faltan según la forma de la palabra

Two adult learners discuss a reading task at a community study table.

Cómo resolver la tarea “Complete the Words” del TOEFL iBT en el formato introducido en 2026: conservar las letras impresas, elegir sustantivo, verbo, adjetivo o adverbio, terminaciones frecuentes, una rutina diaria y errores típicos.

En la tarea “Complete the Words” del TOEFL iBT lees un párrafo corto en el que a varias palabras les faltan las últimas letras, y escribes esas letras. Tres comprobaciones te llevan a la palabra correcta: conservar todas las letras impresas, decidir qué función cumple la palabra en la oración (sustantivo, verbo, adjetivo o adverbio) y volver a leer la oración terminada. Esta guía sigue el formato del TOEFL iBT introducido en 2026 y está pensada para estudiantes con un nivel de inglés intermedio (B1) o superior.

¿Para quién es este artículo?

  • Candidatos que preparan el TOEFL iBT con el formato introducido en 2026 y se encuentran por primera vez con “Complete the Words”.
  • Lectores que entienden el tema del párrafo pero eligen mal la terminación, por ejemplo “careful” cuando la oración necesita “carefully”.
  • Estudiantes que quieren una rutina corta de lectura diaria que también mejore la gramática y la ortografía.
  • Demasiado pronto: si palabras cotidianas como “damage”, “replace” o “safe” todavía son nuevas para ti (en torno a A2), amplía primero tu vocabulario y vuelve después.
  • Demasiado fácil: si completas los párrafos de práctica sin errores, pasa a las demás tareas de lectura y a la construcción de oraciones (enlaces abajo).

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Abrir las páginas de muestra

Tarjetas de vocabulario

Personal · reading habits

When you read in English, do you usually guess unknown words quickly or stop and check them? Has a guess ever caused a problem?

Useful: ‘I tend to…, which means that…’ · ‘Once I guessed…, and it turned out…’ · ‘These days I try to…’

Personal · exam strategy

In a timed reading test, is it better for you to read faster or more carefully? Why?

Useful: ‘For me, the bigger risk is…’ · ‘It depends on the type of question.’ · ‘If I read too quickly, I…’

Ejemplo de conversación

How do you choose the right form of a word?

Look at the job the word does in its sentence: noun, verb, adjective or adverb.

The examples on this page are teaching models. Later pages use different texts.

Estructura de la frase

How do you choose the right form of a word?

Look at the job the word does in its sentence: noun, verb, adjective or adverb.

The examples on this page are teaching models. Later pages use different texts.

Más práctica

See how word forms change

Two adult learners discuss a reading task at a community study table.

A college team prepares old chairs for a community classroom. The chairs are damaged, but their wooden frames can be repaired. Volunteers follow an instruction card and work carefully, checking each joint before they paint it. A supervisor explains how to use the workshop safely. Some reusable materials come from earlier projects, while broken parts need a replacement. The team records what it has done so that a future group can understand the process and continue the work confidently.

How do you choose the right form of a word?

Look at the job the word does in its sentence: noun, verb, adjective or adverb.

The examples on this page are teaching models. Later pages use different texts.

Six forms in complete contexts

  • damage → damaged: The chairs are damaged. The -ed form describes their condition.
  • instruct → instruction: An instruction card tells workers what to do. The noun names guidance.
  • careful → carefully: Volunteers work carefully. The adverb tells us how they work.
  • safe → safely: Use the workshop safely. The adverb describes the manner of using it.
  • reuse → reusable: Reusable materials can be used again. The adjective describes the materials.
  • replace → replacement: A broken part needs a replacement. The noun names the new part.

Worked reconstruction

  • Volunteers work care_____. → carefully: five missing letters, fully, create an adverb.
  • The chairs are dam____. → damaged: four missing letters, aged, describe their condition.
  • An instruc____ card gives guidance. → instruction: four missing letters, tion, complete the noun.

Practise with visible choices

The college workshop gives old furniture a second life. Several [1] work___ prepare chairs for painting. One person sands the wood [2] care_____, while another checks that each surface is [3] sm____. Two [4] instruct___ explain the safety rules before anyone uses a machine. The group plans to [5] re___ the finished chairs in a student meeting room, saving money for other projects.

  1. Gap 1: add only the missing letters to complete the word in the paragraph.

    Several work______ prepare chairs for painting.

    Mostrar respuesta y explicación

    ers

    Several requires a plural count noun; workers names the people doing the task.

  2. Gap 2: add only the missing letters to complete the word in the paragraph.

    One person sands the wood care______,

    Mostrar respuesta y explicación

    fully

    Carefully is an adverb describing how the person sands the wood; caretaker is a noun and careering is a verb form meaning moving fast.

  3. Gap 3: add only the missing letters to complete the word in the paragraph.

    Each surface is sm______.

    Mostrar respuesta y explicación

    ooth

    Is smooth needs an adjective describing a surface without rough parts; smears and smells are noun or verb forms that cannot follow is here.

  4. Gap 4: add only the missing letters to complete the word in the paragraph.

    Two instruct______ explain the safety rules before anyone uses a machine.

    Mostrar respuesta y explicación

    ors

    Two needs a plural noun for people: instructors explain the rules. Instructing is a verb form and instructive is an adjective.

  5. Gap 5: add only the missing letters to complete the word in the paragraph.

    The group plans to re______ the finished chairs in a meeting room.

    Mostrar respuesta y explicación

    use

    Plans to needs a base verb that can take the chairs as its object: reuse means use them again. Reads is not a base form, and reply needs to before an object.

Complete a new paragraph without choices

A student club holds a repair event where neighbours bring items that no longer work properly. Before the event, volunteers [1] arran__ the tables by activity and place clear signs near the entrance. Each [2] visi___ describes the problem to a student, who [3] wri___ a short note. A trained helper [4] exa_____ the item and explains whether it can be repaired safely. Some repairs are [5] simp__, but others need [6] spec___ equipment. Visitors can watch and ask [7] ques_____ while the helper works. The club keeps useful materials for [8] fut___ events and [9] rec_____ what cannot be used. This [10] appro___ reduces waste and helps people learn practical skills.

Review the evidence and explain your decisions

A student club holds a repair event where neighbours bring items that no longer work properly. Before the event, volunteers arrange the tables by activity and place clear signs near the entrance. Each visitor describes the problem to a student, who writes a short note. A trained helper examines the item and explains whether it can be repaired safely. Some repairs are simple, but others need special equipment. Visitors can watch and ask questions while the helper works. The club keeps useful materials for future events and recycles what cannot be used. This approach reduces waste and helps people learn practical skills.

Discuss the reasoning

  • Choose two restored words and explain what the letters, grammar or context told you.
  • Paraphrase the paragraph for someone who has not read it.
  • Describe one error or uncertainty and the check that would help next time.

Check a rebuilt word three ways

Two adult learners discuss a reading task at a community study table.

A language café uses a calendar to coordinate its evening groups. One group discusses books, while another practises conversation about travel. The coordinator posts an update whenever a meeting moves to a different room. Members read the whole notice because the first sentence may explain the change and the final sentence may give a reason. A familiar word can still have the wrong form in a particular sentence. Good readers check the surviving letters, the surrounding grammar and the meaning of the whole message.

How do you check a word you have rebuilt?

Check the letters first, then the grammar, and then the meaning of the whole sentence.

The examples on this page are teaching models. Later pages use different texts.

Three checks on a possible answer

  • Check the letters: coordina___ → coordinator. The surviving prefix stays unchanged; add tor.
  • Check the grammar: one group discu____ books → discusses. A singular group takes the finite verb discusses.
  • Check the meaning: a meeting moves to a diff_____ room → different. The new room is not the same room; add erent.

Read again after reconstruction

  • Use the intact final sentence to confirm what the paragraph is trying to say.
  • Read every restored word inside its full sentence.
  • Mark the cue that settled a difficult choice, not only whether your answer was right.

Practise with visible choices

An evening reading group meets in a shared room above a local café. The [1] organis__ checks the room calendar every Monday. Members receive a [2] rem_____ before each meeting, and anyone bringing a guest must [3] not___ the group. If the café changes its closing time, the group [4] adj____ its schedule. A short message keeps everyone [5] in______ without requiring a separate phone call.

  1. Gap 1: add only the missing letters to complete the word in the paragraph.

    The organis______ checks the room calendar every Monday.

    Mostrar respuesta y explicación

    er

    The organiser is the person managing the group; organised is an adjective and organising is an -ing form. The printed prefix uses s, so keep it.

  2. Gap 2: add only the missing letters to complete the word in the paragraph.

    Members receive a rem______ before each meeting.

    Mostrar respuesta y explicación

    inder

    A reminder is a message that helps somebody remember; reminded and reminding are verb forms.

  3. Gap 3: add only the missing letters to complete the word in the paragraph.

    Anyone bringing a guest must not______ the group.

    Mostrar respuesta y explicación

    ify

    Must takes a base verb: notify means tell the group officially. Noting is an -ing form and notion is a noun.

  4. Gap 4: add only the missing letters to complete the word in the paragraph.

    The group adj______ its schedule.

    Mostrar respuesta y explicación

    usts

    The group is a singular subject, so adjusts (changes slightly) is the present-tense verb. Adjourn does not agree with a singular subject, and adjoins means is next to.

  5. Gap 5: add only the missing letters to complete the word in the paragraph.

    A short message keeps everyone in______.

    Mostrar respuesta y explicación

    formed

    Keeps everyone informed means everyone has the latest information; informer is a noun and intended does not fit after keeps everyone.

Complete a new paragraph without choices

The campus library has introduced a booking service for quiet study rooms. Students can [1] rese___ a room through the library website by choosing a date and a [2] sta_____ time. Each booking [3] la___ one hour, and a confirmation message is sent [4] auto_________. The message [5] inc_____ the room number and a link for making changes. Students who no longer need a room should [6] can___ the booking so someone else can use it. During busy weeks, staff may [7] lim__ how many bookings one student can make. These rules keep the [8] sys___ fair and make shared [9] spa___ more [10] acce______ to everyone.

Review the evidence and explain your decisions

The campus library has introduced a booking service for quiet study rooms. Students can reserve a room through the library website by choosing a date and a starting time. Each booking lasts one hour, and a confirmation message is sent automatically. The message includes the room number and a link for making changes. Students who no longer need a room should cancel the booking so someone else can use it. During busy weeks, staff may limit how many bookings one student can make. These rules keep the system fair and make shared spaces more accessible to everyone.

Discuss the reasoning

  • Choose two restored words and explain what the letters, grammar or context told you.
  • Paraphrase the paragraph for someone who has not read it.
  • Describe one error or uncertainty and the check that would help next time.

Word forms in the passage

  1. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    The message spread quickly, partly because readers could decode it without much ______.

    Mostrar respuesta y explicación

    difficulty

    After much, we need an uncountable noun: much difficulty.

  2. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Its popularity nevertheless raises a ______ question for psychologists

    Mostrar respuesta y explicación

    genuine

    Between the article a and the noun question, we need an adjective.

  3. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    These pauses, or fixations, ______ last about a quarter of a second.

    Mostrar respuesta y explicación

    typically

    An adverb modifies the verb last; the sentence already has a subject and a verb.

  4. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Surprisingly, they are more ______ when the letter appears inside a real word

    Mostrar respuesta y explicación

    accurate

    After the verb be (are more), we need an adjective to describe the subject they.

  5. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    This finding suggests that ______ is not a simple left-to-right process of adding letters together.

    Mostrar respuesta y explicación

    recognition

    The that-clause needs a subject before is, so the gap needs a noun.

  6. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    When researchers scrambled longer words, or moved letters far from their original positions, reading slowed ______ and errors increased.

    Mostrar respuesta y explicación

    considerably

    An adverb describes how much the verb slowed changed.

  7. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Second-language readers usually have less of that background knowledge, so a confident guess is more ______.

    Mostrar respuesta y explicación

    risky

    After is more, we need an adjective (more risky) to describe the noun guess.

  8. Choose the words that complete the sentence from the passage.

    Skilled reading really does ______ on expectation

    Mostrar respuesta y explicación

    depend

    Emphatic does is followed by the base form of the verb: does depend, not does depends.

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Cómo es la tarea

Ves un párrafo corto en el que algunas palabras aparecen solo en parte: el principio está impreso y el resto falta. Tu trabajo es completar cada palabra para que el párrafo se lea correctamente; normalmente solo una opción encaja a la vez con las letras impresas y con la oración.

En los ejemplos de práctica de esta guía, cada guion bajo es una letra, así que el hueco también te dice cuánto mide la terminación. Tres ejemplos resueltos de un párrafo sobre voluntarios que reparan sillas viejas:

  • “Volunteers work care_____.” → carefully: las cinco letras “fully” forman un adverbio, porque la oración dice cómo trabajan.
  • “The chairs are dam____.” → damaged: las cuatro letras “aged” describen el estado de las sillas.
  • “The card gives an instruc____.” → instruction: las cuatro letras “tion” completan el sustantivo que va después de “an”.

Comprobaciones para cada hueco

El tema te acerca, pero la oración decide la forma. Lee el párrafo completo una vez para entender el sentido y después revisa cada hueco:

  • Conserva las letras impresas: tu respuesta se añade a ellas, nunca las sustituye.
  • Identifica la función de la palabra: sustantivo después de “a”, “the” o de un adjetivo; verbo en forma base después de “can”, “should” o “to”; adjetivo delante de un sustantivo o después de “is”; adverbio si la palabra dice cómo ocurre algo.
  • Cuenta los huecos: una palabra con el significado correcto pero la longitud equivocada es la palabra equivocada.
  • Lee la oración terminada: si suena mal, revisa otra vez la terminación.

Prueba una: ¿qué terminación completa “work___”?

Escucha la breve pregunta y respuesta y aplica la comprobación que menciona a otra oración del mismo párrafo. Hay tres terminaciones posibles, pero solo una encaja:

  • “Several work___ prepare chairs for painting.”

Question How do you choose the right form of a word?

Answer Look at the job the word does in its sentence: noun, verb, adjective or adverb.

¿Qué terminación completa “Several work___”?

Terminaciones que conviene conocer

Muchos huecos esconden una terminación que cambia la categoría de la palabra. Aprende cada una con una oración, no como palabra suelta. Varias se parecen al español: -tion suele corresponder a -ción y -ly a -mente.

  • -ly convierte un adjetivo en adverbio: careful → carefully, safe → safely.
  • -tion y -ment forman sustantivos: instruct → instruction, replace → replacement.
  • -ed a menudo describe un estado: damage → damaged.
  • -able forma adjetivos: reuse → reusable (“Reusable materials can be used again.”).
  • -er nombra a la persona que hace algo: work → worker; después de “several”, workers.
  • La -s del plural y la del verbo: “each worker”, pero “several workers”; “a helper checks”, pero “helpers check”.
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Cómo practicar

Un párrafo al día basta para crear el hábito. Esta rutina dura unos 15 minutos:

  • Lee: recorre el párrafo completo una vez sin escribir.
  • Completa: escribe solo las letras que faltan; si un hueco es difícil, sáltalo y vuelve después.
  • Comprueba: vuelve a leer cada oración completada antes de mirar las respuestas.
  • Explica: en dos respuestas, anota la pista que las decidió: un patrón de letras, una regla gramatical o el sentido.
  • Reúne: añade cada terminación que fallaste a una lista de familias de palabras, como care, careful, carefully, careless.

Errores típicos

Muchas de las respuestas perdidas no se deben a palabras desconocidas, sino a la forma. El parecido entre -ción y -tion ayuda a reconocer el sustantivo, pero cuidado: en “instruc____” la terminación es “tion”, no “cion”, y como ambas tienen cuatro letras, contar los huecos no te avisará. Recuerda también que “carefully” lleva doble l.

  • Escribir la palabra completa o cambiar las letras impresas.
  • Elegir una palabra que encaja con el tema pero no con la gramática: “careful” cuando la oración necesita “carefully”.
  • Olvidar el plural después de “several”, “many” o “two”.
  • No tener en cuenta el número de huecos.
  • Escribir mal la terminación: “carefuly”, “instruccion”.

Siguiente paso

Cuando puedas completar un párrafo de práctica y explicar dos de tus respuestas, pasa a leer avisos, mensajes y textos más largos, donde combinas detalles. La construcción de oraciones de la sección de escritura usa las mismas comprobaciones de categoría gramatical.

Preguntas frecuentes

¿Qué es “Complete the Words” en el TOEFL iBT?

Una tarea de Reading del formato del TOEFL iBT introducido en 2026: completas las últimas letras que les faltan a varias palabras de un párrafo corto para que se lea correctamente.

¿Escribo la palabra completa o solo las letras que faltan?

Solo las letras que faltan. El principio impreso se queda como está, y tus letras lo completan.

¿Cómo puedo mejorar en “Complete the Words” del TOEFL?

Practica con un párrafo corto al día, vuelve a leer cada oración completada y anota la pista de dos respuestas. Aprende familias de palabras como care, careful y carefully, no palabras sueltas.

¿Qué nivel necesito para practicar el Reading del TOEFL iBT?

La práctica funciona mejor a partir de un nivel intermedio (B1). Por debajo, demasiadas palabras del párrafo son nuevas y la tarea se convierte en adivinar, así que amplía primero tu vocabulario.

Flalingo no está afiliado a las organizaciones que administran TOEFL ni cuenta con su respaldo.

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