Words for how a company is organised
A large company has divisions (big parts, by product or region) made up of departments such as Sales or Finance; a branch is a local office. The board makes major decisions, and the managing director runs the company. Learn these role phrases with their prepositions:
- report to – “The purchasing manager reports to the operations director.”
- be responsible for (+ noun or -ing) – “I’m responsible for welcoming visitors.”
- be in charge of – “Tom is in charge of the afternoon tour.”
- work closely with – “Sales works closely with Logistics on urgent orders.”
Welcoming a visitor at reception
A good welcome has four moves: identify the visitor, confirm the appointment, handle security and say what happens next. In “You must be …”, “must” is a confident guess, not an order. “Sales is expecting you” means the host is ready. Use “Ms” with the surname if you don’t know a woman’s preferred title.
Listen, then practise both roles.
Maya Good morning. You must be Ms Rahman.
Ms Rahman Yes. I have a nine-thirty appointment with Tom Novak in Sales.
Maya Welcome to Northline. May I check your badge?
Ms Rahman Of course.
Maya Sales is expecting you. Would you like coffee first?
Ms Rahman No, thank you. I'm ready to go up.
Questions with who, what, when and which
The pattern is question word + auxiliary + subject + verb: “is/are” with “be”, “do/does” with other verbs, and the main verb stays in its base form. Use “which” for a limited choice. One exception: when “who” is the subject, there is no “do”. Compare “Who meets her at reception?” with “Who does she meet first?”
- “Who is the visitor?” – a person
- “What does she need?” – a thing
- “When does the tour start?” – a time
- “Which department does she need?” – a choice
Polite indirect questions
A direct question can sound abrupt to a visitor. Start with “Could you tell me …” or “Do you know …”, then use statement order, with no “do/does”:
- “Where is Reception?” → “Could you tell me where Reception is?”
- “When does the tour start?” → “Do you know when the tour starts?”
- “Does she need a badge?” → “Do you know if she needs a badge?”
Confirming details before you act
Repeat names, times and places back as a question. Keep arrival and appointment times apart: a visitor who arrives at 09:20 for a 09:30 meeting still starts at 09:30, so tell the host and offer a seat.
- “So the meeting starts at nine thirty?”
- “Did you say the warehouse tour?”
- “Let me check the visitor’s surname.”
- Reply: “Yes, that’s right.” or “Not quite. It’s at eleven.”
A visitor schedule for several hosts
When a visitor meets several hosts, one person owns the plan and sends it to all of them. Write it in five parts and hand it over out loud:
- Situation: “A buyer arrives at 09:20 for a 09:30 appointment.”
- Key facts: “She meets Sales first and tours the warehouse at 11:00.”
- Decision or result: “Sales hosts the meeting, the warehouse team leads the tour and the managing director hosts lunch.”
- Owner: “The office coordinator.”
- Next step and deadline: “Send the final schedule to all three hosts by 17:00 the day before.”
Common mistakes
These errors stand out with a visitor:
- “When the tour starts?” Add the auxiliary: “When does the tour start?”
- “Could you tell me where is Reception?” Use statement order: “… where Reception is?”
- “She reports at the director.” The preposition is “to”: “She reports to the director.”
- “I have an appointment to the sales manager.” Use “with”: “an appointment with the sales manager”.
A 10-minute daily practice routine
Practise out loud each day.
- 2 minutes: describe your team in four sentences with “report to” and “be responsible for”.
- 3 minutes: repeat each line of the welcome above, then redo it with a real visitor and host.
- 2 minutes: write four visit questions and turn two into “Could you tell me …?”
- 3 minutes: write a five-part schedule for a real visit and explain it out loud.
What comes next
Next, give problems an owner and a deadline too: recording a customer complaint with a follow-up date. At B1, you recommend a system with a clear condition.


